Chapter Summaries

Key Plot Points and Events

• Gen and Madara fight Senju Butsuma and An Yi.
• Gen uses the Flying Thunder God and ninjutsu to defeat An Yi.
• Madara and Senju Butsuma engage in a brutal taijutsu battle.
• Senju Butsuma uses his ultimate technique, "God-Slaying Slash," which Madara barely blocks using his Susanoo.
• Gen and Madara decide to fight Senju Butsuma together, both activating their Susanoo.

Character Developments

• Gen shows concern for Madara's safety and decides to help him against Senju Butsuma.
• Madara's determination and resilience are highlighted as he pushes his Mangekyo to its limits and activates Susanoo.
• Senju Butsuma demonstrates his immense power and dominance in taijutsu.

Significant Themes

• The power of the Mangekyo Sharingan and Susanoo.
• The strength and dominance of the Senju clan and their Kage-level experts.
• The friendship and camaraderie between Gen and Madara, as they decide to fight together.

Character Interactions

• Gen and Madara's teamwork and mutual respect are shown as they decide to fight Senju Butsuma together.
• Senju Butsuma acknowledges Madara's strength and sees him as a worthy opponent.
• Gen and Madara share a brief moment of understanding and agreement before activating their Susanoo.

Key Plot Points and Events:

• Uchiha Madara reveals his Susanoo and claims it's the ultimate power to change the world.
• Senju Butsuma and Madara engage in a battle, with Madara's Susanoo initially having the upper hand.
• Gen joins the fight, using his Mangekyo Sharingan to create Amaterasu, a divine sword for his Susanoo.
• Senju Butsuma uses the Heavenly Net Seal to restrict Madara's Susanoo, aiming to take out Gen's first.
  Character Developments:
• Uchiha Madara: Exhibits overconfidence and self-intoxication after awakening his Mangekyo Sharingan and Susanoo.
• Senju Butsuma: Demonstrates his peak taijutsu skills and strategic thinking, adapting to the Susanoo's power and finding an opening to counterattack.
• Gen: Shows his ability to manipulate Amaterasu and Kagutsuchi, creating a divine sword for his Susanoo.
  Significant Themes:
• Power dynamics: The introduction of Susanoo shifts the power balance between the characters.
• Adaptability: Senju Butsuma adapts to the new threat posed by Susanoo, showcasing his strategic prowess.
• Overconfidence: Uchiha Madara's overconfidence after gaining new power leads him to underestimate his opponent.
  Character Interactions:
• Uchiha Madara and Senju Butsuma: Engage in a fierce battle, with Madara initially dominating due to his Susanoo.
• Gen and Uchiha Madara: Work together to suppress Senju Butsuma, with Gen providing a divine sword for Madara's Susanoo.
• Senju Butsuma and Gen: Engage in a battle, with Senju Butsuma aiming to take out Gen's Susanoo first after restricting Madara.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Senju Butsuma demonstrates his Iaijutsu, a powerful sword technique, against Gen's Susanoo.
• Gen uses his Time Domain (left eye) to freeze Senju Butsuma's attack, but struggles to maintain it due to the backlash.
• Gen attempts to kill Senju Butsuma with a kunai, but is forced to close his left eye due to intense pain, causing the Time Domain to shatter.
• Senju Butsuma's Iaijutsu resumes, narrowly missing Gen, who retreats using Intangibility.
• Uchiha Madara arrives to check on Gen's condition.

Character Developments

• Gen shows growth in his ability to use his Time Domain but also its limitations and the severe backlash it causes.
• Senju Butsuma proves to be a formidable opponent, pushing Gen to his limits.
• Uchiha Madara shows concern for Gen's well-being.

Significant Themes

• The power and limitations of Sharingan abilities.
• The struggle and consequences of pushing one's abilities beyond their limits.
• The consequences of underestimating opponents.

Character Interactions

• Gen and Senju Butsuma engage in a fierce battle, testing each other's limits.
• Uchiha Madara and Gen show concern for each other's safety, indicating a growing bond between them.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Uchiha Madara and Uchiha Gen fight Senju Butsuma, who is severely wounded.
• Uchiha Gen uses his Domain of Time, but it's not as effective as expected due to his lower power level.
• Senju Butsuma escapes using Earth and Summoning Jutsu, but Uchiha Gen tracks him down using the Flying Thunder God mark and kills him with a surprise Susanoo attack.
• Uchiha Gen names his new move "Susanoo Flying Thunder God."

Character Developments

• Uchiha Gen: Shows strategic thinking and adaptability, using the Flying Thunder God mark to track Senju Butsuma.
• Uchiha Madara: Demonstrates strong combat skills but is caught off guard by Senju Butsuma's escape.
• Senju Butsuma: Reveals his strategic thinking and resourcefulness in trying to escape but underestimates Uchiha Gen's abilities.

Significant Themes

• The power of strategy and adaptability in combat.
• The importance of understanding one's own limits and the capabilities of one's opponents.
• The theme of escape and pursuit, highlighting the differences in power and strategy between the characters.

Character Interactions

• Uchiha Gen and Uchiha Madara work together but have different fighting styles and strategies.
• Senju Butsuma underestimates Uchiha Gen, leading to his downfall.
• Uchiha Gen and Senju Butsuma have a tense, strategic interaction, with Uchiha Gen ultimately outmaneuvering his opponent.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Gen and Madara return to the Uchiha clan after killing Senju Butsuma.
• The Uchiha elders are astonished by their feat and acknowledge their strength.
• The clan discusses their next move, considering attacking the Senju while they're weak.

Character Developments

• Gen and Madara's reputations grow within the Uchiha clan.
• The Uchiha elders begin to see Gen and Madara as the future of the clan.

Significant Themes

• The importance of timing and opportunity in warfare.
• The consequences of war fatigue and the need for recuperation.

Character Interactions

• Gen and Madara work together to present a united front to the Uchiha elders.
• The Uchiha elders show deference to Gen and Madara, acknowledging their achievements.
• Gen challenges the elders' assumptions about the purpose and benefits of war.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Gen hints at the Senju-Uzumaki alliance, suggesting the Senju might seek help from the Uzumaki after Butsuma's death.
• The Uchiha clan decides to attack the Kaguya clan, aiming to seize their resources and fertile lands.
• News of Senju Butsuma's death spreads, shocking the Warring States Period.
• The Kaguya clan, believing Senju's power weakened, launches a fierce attack on them.

Character Developments

• Gen shows strategic thinking, manipulating the situation to benefit the Uchiha and accelerate Konoha's establishment.
• Madara and Gen's actions make other clans fear the Uchiha, leading them to send gifts and maintain peaceful relations.
• Senju Hashirama returns, taking charge of the situation and stabilizing the Senju clan's morale.

Significant Themes

• Power dynamics and alliances among clans.
• Manipulation and strategic planning in war.
• The impact of a leader's death on a clan's morale and actions.

Character Interactions

• Gen interacts with the Uchiha clan heads, convincing them to attack the Kaguya clan.
• Senju Xiangyang interacts with Senju Hashirama, who returns to take charge of the clan.
• The Uchiha clan interacts with other clans, accepting their gifts and maintaining peaceful relations.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Senju Hashirama's Wood Style proves powerful on the battlefield, but the Senju struggle without a Kage-level expert.
• Kaguya Manzhu leads repeated attacks, putting the Senju at a disadvantage.
• Senju Hashirama requests Uzumaki assistance, but they remain neutral.
• Uchiha unexpectedly seizes the Xinshan Mine and begins annexing Kaguya territory.
• Senju Hashirama becomes unstoppable, and the Kaguya retreat, followed by the Senju.

Character Developments

• Senju Hashirama becomes a Peak Jonin, demonstrating immense power and strategic thinking.
• Kaguya Manzhu shows desperation and anger as his clan faces defeat.
• Uchiha Madara and Gen reveal their true intentions, helping the Senju indirectly.

Significant Themes

• The power of nature and the environment (Senju Hashirama's Wood Style).
• Strategic alliances and betrayals in war (Uchiha's actions).
• The impact of war on clans and their territories.

Character Interactions

• Senju Hashirama and Kaguya Manzhu face off repeatedly on the battlefield.
• Senju Hashirama writes to the Uzumaki for assistance, but they remain neutral.
• Uchiha Madara and Gen communicate silently, deciding to help the Senju secretly.

Key Plot Points and Events

• The Uchiha betray the Kaguya, attacking them from behind while they were engaged with the Senju.
• The Kaguya, enraged by the betrayal, charge at the Uchiha despite their exhaustion.
• Madara and Gen lead the Uchiha against the Kaguya, using wide-range ninjutsu followed by close-quarters combat.
• The Senju arrive, causing both the Uchiha and Kaguya to retreat, forming a tense standoff between the three clans.

Character Developments

• Kaguya Manzhu loses his sanity due to the betrayal, leading his clan in a crazed charge.
• Madara and Gen display their prowess in battle, with Madara engaging Kaguya Manzhu directly and Gen observing the battlefield.
• Hashirama struggles with his emotions upon seeing Madara and Gen, conflicted about his father's death.

Significant Themes

• Betrayal and its consequences (Kaguya's reaction to Uchiha's betrayal).
• The brutal nature of war and the struggle for survival (intense battle between Uchiha and Kaguya).
• The complexity of alliances and rivalries (tension between Uchiha, Kaguya, and Senju).

Character Interactions

• Madara and Gen work together but have differing views on the situation (Madara's dismissive attitude vs. Gen's resentment).
• Kaguya Manzhu and Madara engage in a fierce, evenly matched battle.
• Hashirama struggles with his emotions upon seeing Madara and Gen, leading to a tense standoff between the three clans.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Senju Hashirama reveals that he knows about the Uchiha's role in his father's death but wants to set aside hatred for a common goal.
• Hashirama proposes a truce and alliance between the Senju and Uchiha clans to change the world together.
• Madara is conflicted but seems inclined to agree, while Gen is supportive.
• Uchiha Zhan intervenes at the last moment, urging Madara not to trust the Senju, and Black Zetsu is briefly seen.

Character Developments

• Senju Hashirama demonstrates remarkable maturity, forgiveness, and determination to change the world.
• Uchiha Madara shows internal conflict, struggling between his dream of changing the world and his clan's hatred for the Senju.
• Uchiha Gen remains supportive of Madara's decisions and is suspicious of Uchiha Zhan's timely intervention.
• Uchiha Zhan displays loyalty to his clan but also seems influenced by external forces.

Significant Themes

• Hatred and forgiveness: Hashirama's willingness to forgive Madara for his father's death highlights the theme of letting go of hatred to achieve peace.
• Trust and betrayal: The tension between the Senju and Uchiha clans explores the theme of trust and the potential for betrayal, even in the face of a shared goal.
• Manipulation: Black Zetsu's presence suggests that external forces are manipulating the clans, adding a layer of intrigue and deception to the story.

Character Interactions

• Hashirama and Madara: Their interaction showcases the potential for reconciliation and understanding between former enemies.
• Madara and Gen: Their dynamic demonstrates mutual respect and support, with Gen encouraging Madara's decision.
• Uchiha Zhan and Gen: Their exchange highlights Gen's suspicion and Uchiha Zhan's loyalty to his clan, potentially influenced by external forces.

Summary

Key Plot Points and Events

• Black Zetsu reveals himself, preventing a potential alliance between Senju Hashirama and Uchiha Madara.
• The Kaguya clan attacks both clans, fearing their unity.
• Senju Hashirama and Uchiha Madara order their clans to attack the Kaguya together, despite internal resistance.
• A fierce battle ensues, with the Senju and Uchiha suppressing the Kaguya.
• Senju Hashirama, Uchiha Madara, and Uchiha Gen coordinate their attacks against Kaguya Manzhu, showcasing their combined power.

Character Developments

• Senju Hashirama shows decisiveness and leadership by ordering the attack on the Kaguya despite internal resistance.
• Uchiha Madara demonstrates his authority by silencing dissent within his clan.
• Black Zetsu's intervention hints at his manipulative abilities and hidden plans.

Significant Themes

• The deep-seated hatred and mistrust between the Senju and Uchiha clans.
• The necessity of strength and unity in the face of external threats (the Kaguya).
• The manipulative nature of Black Zetsu and his influence on events.

Character Interactions

• Senju Hashirama and Uchiha Madara's initial attempt at alliance is thwarted by Black Zetsu.
• Both clans reluctantly attack the Kaguya together due to their leaders' orders.
• Senju Hashirama, Uchiha Madara, and Uchiha Gen coordinate their attacks against Kaguya Manzhu, foreshadowing their future cooperation as the founders of Konoha.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Kaguya Manzhu, desperate and surrounded, decides to break through the enemy lines to save the Kaguya clan.
• He attacks Uchiha Gen, using his powerful bone spear and Mangekyo Sharingan abilities.
• Gen counters with Amaterasu and Kagutsuchi, wounding Kaguya Manzhu.
• Hashirama and Madara join the fight, with Hashirama using his Wood Style: Thorn Killing Technique and Madara using his taijutsu.
• Kaguya Manzhu is ultimately defeated by Gen's Scorch Style: Spear of Amaterasu, and the Kaguya clan is ordered to retreat.

Character Developments

• Kaguya Manzhu shows his determination to protect his clan, even in the face of certain defeat.
• Uchiha Gen demonstrates the power of his Mangekyo Sharingan and Amaterasu, proving himself a formidable opponent.
• Senju Hashirama and Uchiha Madara work together effectively, showcasing their teamwork and strength.

Significant Themes

• The theme of sacrifice for one's clan is highlighted through Kaguya Manzhu's actions.
• The power of teamwork and coordination is shown through the combined efforts of Hashirama, Madara, and Gen.

Character Interactions

• Kaguya Manzhu clashes with Uchiha Gen, leading to his eventual defeat.
• Senju Hashirama and Uchiha Madara work together to take down Kaguya Manzhu, showcasing their partnership.
• Kaguya Wanqu takes over as clan head, following Kaguya Manzhu's orders to retreat.

Key Plot Points and Events

• The Kaguya clan, after the death of their leader, Kaguya Manzhu, is pursued and driven out of the Land of Fire by the Senju and Uchiha clans.
• Cornered, the Kaguya attempt a desperate assault on the Senju but fail, leading to heavy losses.
• With no other options, the Kaguya build makeshift boats and set sail for the Land of Water.

Character Developments

• Senju Hashirama remains determined to unite the clans, even after Madara's rejection.
• The new Kaguya Clan Head shows desperation and willingness to take risks for survival.

Significant Themes

• The realistic nature of the world, where strength is the only thing that matters.
• The grim consequences of being cornered and desperate.
• The uncertainty and fear associated with the unknown (the Land of Water).

Character Interactions

• Senju Hashirama and Uchiha Madara part ways after their temporary alliance, with Madara refusing to consider Hashirama's dream of unity.
• Gen and Madara watch the Kaguya's departure together, reflecting on the clan's fate.
• Senju Hashirama and Tobirama watch the Kaguya's departure from a distance, marking the end of one of the great clans of the Land of Fire.

Key Plot Points and Events

• The Senju and Uchiha avoid further conflict after driving out the Kaguya Clan.
• Both clans claim rights over the Kaguya's territory, leading to a tense standoff.
• Gen suggests negotiations to resolve the dispute, leading to a historic meeting between the two clans.
• After half a month of negotiations, the Senju and Uchiha reach an agreement, dividing the Kaguya's territory.
• News of the alliance between the Senju and Uchiha spreads, causing concern among other major clans.

Character Developments

• Senju Tobirama demonstrates his resolve and firmness in negotiations, showing growth as a leader.
• Uchiha Yutaka proves his shrewdness and gains significant benefits for the Uchiha Clan through negotiations.
• Gen returns to the Uchiha ancestral lands, looking forward to his upcoming breakthrough in power.

Significant Themes

• The consequences of war and the importance of post-war recovery.
• The potential for cooperation and communication between former enemies.
• The impact of major events on the political landscape of the Warring States Period.

Character Interactions

• Senju Tobirama and Uchiha Yutaka engage in tense negotiations, with Senju Tobirama threatening force when at a disadvantage.
• Gen interacts with the little maid and Akabane Koromo upon his return, showing affection towards the former and a playful attitude towards the latter.

Key Plot Points and Events

• The Warring States Period quiets down after the Kaguya Clan's defeat.
• Senju Hashirama succeeds as Clan Head, gaining popularity.
• Winter arrives, and Gen trains his ocular power in his courtyard.
• Gen contemplates his strength, the Uchiha-Senju alliance, and Black Zetsu's affair.

Character Developments

• Gen focuses on mastering and integrating his ninjutsu, aiming to reach Peak Jonin and Kage level before fifteen.
• Senju Hashirama maintains his dream of an Uchiha-Senju alliance but faces ridicule and disbelief from other clans.
• Uchiha Madara keeps his thoughts ambiguous regarding the alliance.

Significant Themes

• The cruelty of the Warring States Period and the desire for peace.
• The difficulty of mending deep-seated clan grievances.
• The importance of personal growth and self-improvement.

Character Interactions

• Gen trains alone, reflecting on his plans and the world's state.
• Senju Hashirama's dream of an alliance faces skepticism from other clans.
• Uchiha Madara's ambiguous stance on the alliance adds uncertainty to the situation.

Key Plot Points and Events

• The Uchiha clan celebrates the approaching New Year with joy and unity.
• Gen reaches the Peak Jonin level, breaking the record set by Madara.
• Uchiha Madara hosts a three-day banquet to celebrate Gen's achievement.
• The Uchiha clan distributes dividends to all clansmen, boosting morale.
• The New Year arrives, and the clan enjoys a festive atmosphere with no military campaigns.
• Gen's maid renovates his home, and they prepare for a grand New Year celebration.

Character Developments

• Gen breaks through to Peak Jonin, solidifying his status as a powerful ninja.
• Madara, as Clan Head, enjoys his leisure time drinking with Gen and sparring.
• The maid shows initiative and enthusiasm in preparing for the New Year celebration.
• Akabane Koromo learns new skills and experiences festive traditions for the first time.

Significant Themes

• Unity and joy within the Uchiha clan.
• The importance of celebration and rest, even in times of peace.
• The power of tradition and festivity in bringing people together.
• The value of hard work and achievement, as seen in Gen's breakthrough.

Character Interactions

• Gen and Madara spend time together drinking and sparring, strengthening their bond.
• Gen's maid and Akabane Koromo work together to prepare for the New Year, fostering a friendly relationship.
• Gen interacts with various high-ranking Uchiha members at the New Year banquet, solidifying his position within the clan.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Uchiha clan celebrates New Year's Eve with a banquet.
• Gen observes the clan's joy and unity.
• Uchiha Madara uses his Fire Style: Great Fireball Technique to release scrolls containing various Fire Style techniques as New Year's gifts for the clan.

Character Developments

• Uchiha Madara: Shows his care and generosity towards the clan by giving them valuable ninjutsu scrolls as New Year's gifts.
• Gen: Observes the clan's dynamics and enjoys the festivities while maintaining a level of detachment.

Significant Themes

• Unity and camaraderie within the Uchiha clan.
• Celebration and joy amidst the hardships of war.
• Madara's leadership and generosity towards his clan.

Character Interactions

• Uchiha Zhan, Uchiha Dou, and other high-ranking members interact with Gen, Madara, and Izuna, displaying their unity and excitement.
• Gen interacts with his maid and Akabane Koromo, showing his understanding and kindness towards them.
• Madara interacts with the clan members, demonstrating his care and generosity through his New Year's gift.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Gen, seemingly hungover, surprises his maid by being sober and assigns a mission to Akabane Koromo.
• Gen reveals his plan to establish an intelligence organization to counter Black Zetsu and influence the world from the shadows.
• Akabane Koromo returns to the north to help Gen build the foundation of this intelligence system.
• Gen becomes busy meeting and networking with Konoha's elite and clan members, receiving gifts and showing his presence.

Character Developments

• Gen: Shows strategic thinking and long-term planning, aiming to create a global intelligence network. He also demonstrates his ability to adapt and learn, improving his alcohol tolerance.
• Akabane Koromo: Accepts her role in Gen's plan, showing loyalty and understanding of her position. Her feelings towards Gen remain complex, a mix of hatred, resignation, and protectiveness towards her clan.

Significant Themes

• Power and Influence: Gen's desire to create an intelligence organization to gain power and influence, reflecting his ambition and strategic mindset.
• Trust and Loyalty: Gen's trust in Uchiha Izuna and Akabane Koromo's loyalty despite her complex feelings towards Gen.
• Adaptation and Learning: Gen's ability to adapt and learn, shown through his improved alcohol tolerance.

Character Interactions

• Gen and Akabane Koromo: Their dynamic shifts as Koromo accepts her role in Gen's plan, showing a mix of loyalty and resignation.
• Gen and Konoha's Elite: Gen's interactions with Konoha's elite reflect his networking and politicking, showing his ambition and desire to build connections.
• Akabane Koromo and Uchiha Izuna: Their interaction shows trust and understanding, with Izuna supporting Koromo's mission to build Gen's intelligence organization.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Heavy snowfall blankets the Uchiha and Senju territories, bringing a harsh winter.
• In Xin City, the north, the Uchiha clan has stabilized the region, attracting refugees and merchants, but also creating social issues like poverty and crime.
• Uchiha Shinji, instead of eliminating the problem, creates a designated area for the poor, the slums, and provides nominal leadership and aid.
• On New Year's Eve, Shinji distributes food to the slums, but supplies run out after seven days.
• A young girl, about nine, is starving and waiting for her older sister in a dilapidated shack.
• The older sister returns with a rice cake, but they're interrupted by a stranger who calls them "cake thieves."

Character Developments

• Uchiha Shinji: Shinji shows compassion by providing aid to the poor, but also realizes the futility of trying to control every aspect of the growing city.
• Younger Sister (unnamed): She's starving, desperate, and waits for her sister's return. She's innocent, naive, and trusts her sister.
• Older Sister (unnamed): She's resourceful, caring, and willing to go without food to ensure her younger sister survives. She's also honest, as she doesn't want to lie to her sister.

Significant Themes

• Survival: The harsh conditions in the slums force the sisters to fight for their lives.
• Sisterly Love: The bond between the sisters is the driving force behind their actions.
• Inequality: The stark contrast between the wealthy and the poor in Xin City highlights the social inequality.

Character Interactions

• Sisters: Their interaction is filled with love, trust, and care. The younger sister's honesty and the older sister's selflessness highlight their bond.
• Uchiha Shinji and the Poor: Shinji's decision to create the slums and provide aid, though not perfect, shows a level of compassion for the poor.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Two sisters in the slums are attacked by a man who wants to sell the younger one to wealthy merchants.
• A mysterious woman, later revealed to be Akabane, intervenes and gives the older sister a blade to fight back.
• The older sister kills the man and Akabane offers to take them under her wing.
• In the Uchiha Clan, Xuan is informed that Senju Hashirama has started forming alliances with smaller clans to establish a village.

Character Developments

• The older sister demonstrates resilience, courage, and a will to protect her younger sister, even in the face of overwhelming odds.
• Akabane shows unexpected kindness and takes an interest in the older sister's eyes.
• Senju Hashirama is depicted as proactive and persuasive, convincing small clans to support his vision of a ninja village.

Significant Themes

• Survival and resilience in harsh conditions.
• The power dynamics of the ninja world and the importance of alliances.
• The influence of one's eyes or appearance, as seen in Akabane's interest in the older sister's eyes.

Character Interactions

• The older sister and her younger sister display a strong bond and willingness to protect each other.
• Akabane's interaction with the older sister is brief but significant, as she offers help and later takes them under her wing.
• Xuan, as the Uchiha Vice Clan Leader, is informed about Senju Hashirama's actions, setting the stage for potential conflicts or alliances between the clans.

Key Plot Points and Events

• Uchiha Clan holds a high-level meeting to discuss Senju's activities.
• Senju Hashirama has successfully recruited five small clans in a week, using his persuasive skills.
• New intelligence reveals Senju Hashirama has visited the Hatake Clan, raising concerns among the Uchiha.

Character Developments

• Uchiha Yujian: Shows concern and unease about the Senju's actions, particularly their interest in the Hatake Clan.
• Uchiha Madara: Calm and collected, he reveals the intelligence about the Hatake Clan and tasks Yujian with handling the situation.

Significant Themes

• Power dynamics and alliances in the Warring States Period.
• The influence of Senju Hashirama's leadership and persuasive skills.
• The Uchiha Clan's response to external threats.

Character Interactions

• Uchiha Yujian and Uchiha Madara: They share a mutual understanding and respect, with Madara entrusting Yujian with the Hatake matter.
• Uchiha Elders: They discuss the Senju's actions and the potential threat they pose, with varying levels of concern.