M

Among the many "Carbilo- Qiu Chengtong spaces", why was the "Carbilo- Qiu Chengtong space" with an absolute Euler Number of 6 chosen?

Witten did not explain the rationale behind his choice in the first Superstring Theory revolution. He took this "unproven inspiration" and directly led the second Superstring Theory revolution, proposing five different versions of Superstring Theory.

These five Superstring Theory coexist and are compatible with each other; Witten named them "M-theory".

In the early 1990s, Witten wrote in his paper, "The meaning of M can be interpreted according to personal preference as Mystery, Master, or Mother."

The academic community was shocked, and IMU was particularly excited, so on a whim, it awarded Witten the Fields Medal.

Then came the third Superstring Theory revolution, with British scientists proposing the concept of a ten-dimensional Supergravity Theory.

The problem is that no school of thought, no scientist, including Witten himself, can provide convincing evidence to explain the fundamental degrees of freedom in M-theory.

The key question is: M-theory includes five compatible Superstring Theory, but which version of Superstring Theory describes the universe? What is the ultimate mystery of cosmological mathematics?

Mr. Hawking's involvement led to chaos in the field of research, with various opinions vying for dominance and the situation becoming increasingly complex.

Because of the theoretical significance of the Yang-Mills equation in high-dimensional spaces, Yang Zhenning and Mr. Mills have also made some remarks about it.

Superstring Theory is not only a theory that unifies gravity and Quantum Mechanics, but also a theory of elementary particles.

There are Electromagnetic Force, Strong Force, Weak Force, and gravitational forces among elementary particles. So, what convincing theoretical framework can integrate the common principles underlying these four forces?

Even Einstein and Weyl were unearthed; almost all of the most famous physicists of the 20th century were directly or indirectly involved in the century-long debate on superstring theory, the theory of action and force, and the mysteries of the universe.

Although Witten sits on the throne of the leading figure in Superstring Theory, there are many scientists who disagree with him, and scholars who question his theory will always be questioning it.

"Children, it seems I've just gone through the textbooks, and what disappoints me is that the situation isn't much different now than it was thirty years ago; we haven't made any substantial breakthroughs," said Witten, the seventy-something-year-old American scholar, as he discussed his seminal work, the M-theory, with a group of young Chinese scholars under forty.

This theory seems to have truly become an unsolvable mystery; M should stand for Mystery.

"If we solve Mystery, we will become the Master, because it is the Mother." Shen Qi recited a rap, which was quite rhythmic.

"So?" Witten asked, knowing that Shen Qi's mind always held something new that was both unpredictable and exciting.

"Edward, first of all, we must admit that the Cambridge University team's conclusions regarding the Third Revolution were correct," Shen Qi said.

"Who says otherwise?" Witten nodded.

Dr. Wade had just returned from Oxford, finally found an opportunity to speak, "Hey, those guys at Cambridge University are pretty good. They discovered that the ten-dimensional Supergravity Theory is consistent not with one-dimensional strings, but with two-dimensional membranes."

"Who says otherwise?" Witten smiled. He and Cambridge University bigwig T. T. Thompson had a little-known love-hate relationship.

"Edward, the 'M' in your M-theory has a hidden meaning, which is 'membrane,' right?" Shen Qi was well-informed; he had heard about the love-hate relationship between Old Wei and Old Tang.

"Hmm." Witten gave a mysterious smile.

According to the official history of physics, the American school of thought, led by Princeton, spearheaded the first and second Superstring Theory revolutions, with Witten as the leading figure and the central figure.

At the outset of the third Superstring Theory revolution, the British school, with Paul Townsend at its core, actually rejected most of the research findings from the first and second revolutions.

This has led to the current chaotic situation of multiple schools of thought vying for dominance in Superstring Theory.

However, unofficial accounts differ, suggesting that there was a clear connection between the two key figures from different camps Witten and Thompson.

If M in the M-theory stands for Membrane, then Witten is meant to celebrate the pioneering work done by the British center.

As the saying goes, fortunes change every thirty years.

The international situation is constantly changing, and emperors take turns sitting on the throne.

Witten and Thomson are now in their seventies and eighties, Hawking has passed away, and Old Yang has retired from public life. The most famous fundamental physics giants of the second half of the 20th century still hold a lofty status, while in the 21st century, the younger generation is beginning to dominate the world.

Shen Qi is undoubtedly the leading figure among the younger generation of scholars. As China's leading scholar, he put forward his view. "The two-dimensional membrane was discovered from the ten-dimensional Supergravity Theory, and can even be considered a higher-dimensional generalization of the black hole solution."

"Schwarzschild's solution to black holes is a three-dimensional solution, while Einstein's equations are solvable in any dimension. An interesting and thought-provoking topic is that a two-dimensional surface distributed in ten-dimensional space is equivalent to a membrane, not a point or a string."

"Or rather, the question we urgently need to answer is, what will happen to the membranes in the ten-dimensional space after we use a one-dimensional circle to compactify the Supergravity Theory in ten-dimensional space into a nine-dimensional space?" Shen Qi asked the group.

"Yes, what will happen?" The other Chinese scholars echoed in unison. Guided by Shen Qi's logic, they seemed to be getting closer and closer to the truth.

They were rubbing their hands together excitedly, their faces beaming. Most of them had only been at the center for a few days. Could they be about to witness the solution to a century-old problem in physics?

"Superstring Theory applies to spaces up to nine dimensions, while in ten-dimensional space, the brane is considered the basic unit of elementary particles. When space increases by one dimension, the basic unit also increases by one dimension. The only constant is Quantum Mechanics. A salute to Einstein, Schrödinger, Bohr, and Heisenberg!" Shen Qi shouted, raising his arms. The close connection between history and today points to the direction of the future. The spirits of these physics giants are guiding everyone closer to the truth.

"Don't forget Fermi and Dirac!"

"And Planck and De Broglie!"

The PhD students stood in a row and spontaneously and uniformly raised their right arms, creating a very ceremonial scene.

Shen Qi added, "However, it is almost impossible to construct a theory using a two-dimensional membrane, which is also an important reason why Superstring Theory is in a predicament."

Thump!

The doctors were all stunned; they'd used all their ultimate techniques, and this is what you tell us?

Only Witten remained calm. He realized that Shen Qi's words were not nonsense; after going around in circles, they ultimately had to return to the source.

Sure enough, Shen Qi said, "Tracing back to the source, I think the root of the problem is to thoroughly prove that the Carbilo- Qiu Chengtong space with an absolute Euler Number of 6 is the best choice. Because the trajectory formed by a one-dimensional string moving in space is a two-dimensional surface, and the topology of a two-dimensional surface is entirely determined by the Euler Number."

After the darkest hour comes the dawn!

The doctoral students, brimming with enthusiasm, asked, "How do you prove it? Professor Shen, do you have a plan?"

"Brothers, I've already said all this, so shouldn't you guys handle the rest?" Shen Qi recruited a group of overseas-educated elites, not bystanders. Since Shen Qi has already solved all the problems, what use are these elite physics PhDs?