Planck's Unassuming Protégé! Brand-New Rays! Beryllium Rays! The New King of the Age of Nuclear Physics!

Berlin, Germany, Imperial Physical Technical Institute.

This national research institution, founded in 1887, was closely tied to the rapid development of Germany's electrical equipment and mechanical manufacturing industries at the time.

The institute aimed to improve the quality of industrial products through precision measurement technology, with advancing standardized metrology as its core mission.

After more than thirty years of development, the Imperial Physical Technical Institute had provided strong technical support for Germany's industrialization.

Its research scope was no longer limited to engineering and technology, but had expanded into fundamental science, interdisciplinary fields, and beyond.

For instance, the Geiger Counter, a measuring instrument renowned throughout the field of Radiology, was invented here.

Its inventor, Geiger, worked at the institute.

He also had a friend named Bothe, a famed protégé of Professor Planck.

Bothe's early experiences could also be called arduous and winding.

He had scarcely received his doctorate when World War broke out.

He was captured by Russia and imprisoned in the desolate wastes of Siberia.

There, he did not give up, continuing every day to study mathematics and Russian.

After returning home in 1920, he was assigned to work at the Imperial Physical Technical Institute.

Yet from then on, he became reserved in character and low-key in conduct, rarely taking the initiative to show himself in the physics world.

Perhaps that was why he later refused to apologize for helping Germany develop nuclear weapons.

But that did not diminish his abundant achievements in physics.

During his time at the institute, Bothe collaborated with Geiger and, building upon the Geiger Counter, proposed the theory of the "Coincidence Method."

Using that theory, he invented a device capable of precisely determining a particle's angular momentum.

This was also the most important foundation for his later Nobel Prize in Physics.

In addition, Bothe studied