Ch. 101The Way of Great Learning
Key plot points and events
- After leaving the capital, Bai Mei meets his second disciple and explains that their senior brother has been reborn in the household of a prince. Bai Mei has sealed the newborn’s memories so he can live as an ordinary child for several years. The disciple must protect him from hostile spirits until he turns seven and recovers his memories.
- Bai Mei tells the disciple that they will not meet again for sixty years, then warns him to watch a powerful Mystic Sect figure who has entered the Forbidden City. He worries that Daoist influence at court could destabilize the realm or threaten Buddhism.
- In the palace, Shi Feiyang treats Emperor Wanli with pills made by Xu Haiyou. The medicine heals Wanli’s rotting legs and relieves his severe toothaches, restoring his strength and spirits.
- Reflecting on Wanli’s reign, Shi Feiyang considers how political factionalism, resistance to taxation, and foreign influence in the military have weakened the Ming. He does not intend to intervene in human government; instead, he compares the challenge of governing an empire with his future plan to establish a society of demons.
- Wanli hosts Shi Feiyang at a lavish banquet. Shi concludes that the emperor has practical governing experience while he himself understands the Way, and privately sets their future efforts to govern their respective peoples against each other.
Character developments and interactions
- Bai Mei’s second disciple struggles with grief at the coming separation, but accepts his master’s teaching and his duty to protect the reborn senior brother.
- Bai Mei is compassionate but stern: he protects his disciple’s rebirth while urging detachment from attachment and reminding him that all events follow cause and effect.
- Emperor Wanli moves from chronic pain and political frustration to renewed confidence after Shi Feiyang’s treatment. His past reveals a capable ruler constrained by court factions, though he has responded by withdrawing from public duties and pursuing money and military control.
- Shi Feiyang acts as healer and observer rather than political reformer. His encounter with Wanli sharpens his awareness that understanding political principles is not the same as practicing governance.
- The relationship between Shi Feiyang and Wanli becomes one of mutual respect and comparison: each recognizes that the other possesses a kind of knowledge he lacks.
Significant themes
- Buddhist detachment and impermanence: Meeting, parting, and grief are presented as delusions rooted in attachment.
- Cause and effect: Choices create consequences, and apparent beginnings and endings are inseparable.
- The limits of power and knowledge: Ideals or insight alone cannot govern a society; practical skill matters too.
- Self-interest and social order: Both human and demon societies are difficult to govern because their members pursue their own advantage.
- Political decline: The chapter links the Ming’s fragility to internal conflict and institutional weaknesses rather than attributing it solely to later enemies.