Vol. 5East Africa’s Rise
Ernst expanded East Africa’s population, industry, military, and overseas reach as the kingdom weathered economic turmoil and fought Portugal. East Africa gained territory in Angola and Mozambique, attracted diplomatic attention, and remained unwilling to commit to a German alliance.
- The Cape Colony and East Africa agreed on the Orange River boundary and transferred Griqualand to East Africa, while Ernst strengthened the army, planned a larger navy and railways, and used Europe’s financial crisis to expand industry.
- Shona communities fled forced-labor quotas across Zimbabwe, and East Africa intercepted about a hundred thousand people for railway work as Hohenzollern Tobacco expanded its brands and sales.
- Ernst married Karina in Vienna and First Town, secured European industrial and naval support, and returned to oversee locust defenses and provincial reorganization.
- Ernst tightened immigration and health screening, ended newborn subsidies for children born from 1875 onward, and required registration of pregnancies already underway.
- Ernst expanded East Africa’s population, industry, and military, secured a treaty of friendship and mutual assistance with Austria, and established positions at Walvis Bay and the Swakop River.
- After Dutch colonists landed at Jason Bay, Ernst ordered coastal defenses, while British ministers proposed using Portugal to test East Africa’s strength.
- Ernst prepared East Africa for war with Portugal, and East African forces defeated Portuguese troops, captured Luanda, and gained southern Angola and land north of the Zambezi in Mozambique.
- European powers sent diplomats to East Africa, while Klein proposed a German alliance and East Africa remained focused on building its strength.