Goku

Biodata

Feature	Details
Name	Goku (孙悟空)
Alias(es)	Kakarot, his Saiyan name 328.
Species/Race	Saiyan of Universe 7; identifies himself as an Earthling 328 522.
Gender	Male; Chi-Chi’s husband and Gohan’s father 192 538.
Affiliation	Earth’s Z Fighters; Universe 7 328 522.
Occupation/Role	Martial artist, defender of Earth, and mentor to Gohan and Future Trunks 259 421.
Family	Bardock — father; Raditz — older brother; Chi-Chi — wife; Gohan — son 192 327 328.
Residence	Mount Paozu, Earth 244.
Status	Alive in Gran’s original timeline; undergoing advanced training under Whis in the latest supplied account 595.

Power Progression

Stage / Realm / Level	Chapter	Notes
Birth Battle Power: 2	8	Frieza dismisses Raditz’s younger brother as too weak to warrant elimination.
Super Holy Water enhancement	172	Drinks the water at Korin Tower before defeating King Piccolo with the Heavenly Breaking Fist.
Three years of Heavenly Realm training	172 191	Popo develops his martial-arts foundation; Vados predicts that this foundation will enable explosive growth.
Battle Power: approximately 18,000	317	Whis’s estimate after Goku returns from North Kai and begins preparing in the Gravity Chamber.
Base Battle Power: 5 million	330	Revealed during his battle with Vegeta; earlier Scouter readings had substantially understated his strength.
Double Kaioken — 10 million	332	Doubles his five-million base power and pushes back Vegeta’s Galick Gun with a Kamehameha.
Four-times Kaioken — reported as 25 million	333	Escalates after Piccolo’s death and overwhelms Vegeta. The chapter reports 25 million despite the stated five-million base.
10x Kaioken — 50 million	352	Uses the technique against Frieza on Namek, though Frieza remains stronger.
Super Saiyan	359	First transforms following Krillin’s death and defeats Frieza; afterward identifies anger as the apparent trigger.
20x Kaioken	363	Confirmed in an account of his postbattle clash with Vegeta; even Vegeta’s Great Ape form cannot defeat him.
Super Saiyan transformation at will	363	A month of Gravity Chamber training lets him control the power that initially prevented him from transforming again.
Base Battle Power: approximately 30 million	366	Whis attributes the increase to recovery from injuries, Gravity Chamber training, and the Grand Elder’s Potential Unleashing.
Forget Self state of mind	524	Retrospectively identified as a breakthrough achieved during two years in the Hyperbolic Time Chamber.
Super Saiyan 2; base power approximately 160 million	439	His Super Saiyan 2 breakthrough follows the Grand Elder’s ritual. Whis estimates his base power while observing his journey to Grand Kai.
Super Saiyan 3 — Divine Realm First Tier Peak	524 538	Developed through training in Otherworld; used as his full-power transformation against Rose.
Semi-No Self / Half-Selfless Mind Realm	524	Further mental cultivation in Otherworld enables the initial Ultra Instinct state.
Ultra Instinct Prototype — Divine Realm Second Tier Peak	525	Greatly improves reactions and evasion, but remains below Rose’s Third Tier Peak strength.
Second Stage Peak Body Instinct	526	Rose identifies the level during their match; Goku knows the ability but not its formal ranking.
Candidate God of Destruction-level strength	571	Popo and Old Kai acknowledge his combat level. This is a strength assessment, not an appointment as a candidate.
Super Saiyan 3 — Divine Realm Second Tier Initial Stage	595	Breaks his power bottleneck after more than half a year of training under Whis.

History

Childhood and Earth’s Martial Arts

Goku is sent to Earth as a weak Saiyan child. By Age 739, he has been there for two years and is still a toddler. A childhood fall causes him to lose his memories of his Saiyan identity and family 8 34 328.

While helping Bulma gather the Dragon Balls, he attracts Beerus and Whis’s attention through his pure heart and natural martial-arts aptitude. Beerus attempts to take him away for training, but Gran intervenes. Goku instead returns to Master Roshi as promised, leaving on the Flying Nimbus 100.

Goku finishes as runner-up to Tien Shinhan at the 22nd World Martial Arts Tournament. After defeating King Piccolo, he ascends to the Heavenly Realm and trains under Popo for three years. He subsequently defeats Piccolo at the 23rd tournament and becomes engaged to Chi-Chi 172 191.

Family Life and the Saiyan Arrival

Gohan is born in Age 757. Goku and Chi-Chi establish their home at Mount Paozu, where Goku continues training 192 244.

Gran’s visit exposes the family to the scale of divine power. When Gran destroys Earth as a demonstration, Goku and Chi-Chi attack him in grief and anger; Whis then reverses time and restores the planet. The encounter challenges their assumption that Earth’s current peace guarantees future safety 247 248.

Warned of the approaching Saiyans, Goku seeks the Heavenly God’s help and trains under North Kai. Bulma builds a Gravity Chamber for his preparation. Goku also accepts Gohan’s need for martial training, despite Chi-Chi’s anxiety over their son’s absence 259 317 324.

Vegeta, Raditz, and Nappa arrive seeking the Super Saiyan transformation rather than immediate conquest. Raditz reveals that he is Goku’s brother, but Goku affirms his Earthling identity. Vegeta attacks when Goku cannot provide the transformation method 327 328 329.

After Piccolo’s death, Goku increases his Kaioken and defeats Vegeta. He nevertheless spares him because he wants another battle someday, then pleads for his life when Gran threatens to kill him 333 334.

Namek and Yardrat

On Namek, Goku fights Frieza using increasingly powerful Kaioken boosts. Krillin’s death triggers his first Super Saiyan transformation, allowing him to defeat Frieza 352 359.

Initially unable to repeat the transformation, Goku remains on Namek and trains in Bulma’s Gravity Chamber. He eventually learns to transform at will. Recovery, training, and the Grand Elder’s potential unlocking also raise his base power to approximately thirty million 363 366.

A spaceship malfunction forces his returning party to land on Yardrat. Goku studies Instant Transmission there with Piccolo and other companions, later using it both for travel and rescues 366 369 421 527.

The Android Warning and Otherworld Training

Bulma’s account of the Future Timeline reveals that Goku’s death from heart disease helped leave Earth vulnerable to the Androids. Rather than immediately investigate an unfamiliar ki, he agrees to address his health first. Earth’s Dragon God cures the disease 404.

Goku trains Gohan and Future Trunks for two years in the Hyperbolic Time Chamber. He strengthens Trunks’s martial arts, teaches him the Kamehameha, and supplies Senzu Beans for his return. Trunks subsequently defeats the Androids in his own future 421 423 424.

Having outgrown the Heavenly Realm’s training, Goku follows Popo’s advice and seeks Grand Kai through North Kai. His Otherworld training develops both his power and state of mind, producing Super Saiyan 3 and the foundation for Ultra Instinct 423 439 524 538.

Inter-Universal Tournament and Divine Training

Goku competes against Rose, Universe 6’s Candidate God of Destruction. Rose’s superior power forces him beyond Super Saiyan 3 into the Ultra Instinct Prototype. Their match becomes a contest between Goku’s automatic reactions and Rose’s Ultra Ego, Destruction Power, and greater durability 522 524 525 526.

Goku receives 10,000 Life Fruits from the God-level Arena. On returning home, he reveals that he already intends to share half with Chi-Chi so she can enjoy an extended lifespan alongside him 538.

A later bottleneck leads him back to Popo, who recommends Whis. Whis agrees to train him on the condition that he supply a previously untasted dish; Chi-Chi’s fried lizards satisfy the requirement 571 582.

Under Whis, Goku advances his Super Saiyan 3 power into the Divine Realm’s Second Tier. Whis then introduces Dimension training as a route beyond mortal lifespan limits, warning that ordinary power training and Life Fruits cannot grant immortality 595.

Appearance

• Family resemblance: Vegeta recognizes his resemblance to Bardock upon meeting him 327.
• Super Saiyan: Black hair becomes upright and brilliant gold, his pupils turn emerald green, and golden energy surrounds him 522.
• Ultra Instinct Prototype: Pale silver-white hair, silver-gray eyes, and a flowing silver aura accompany an unusually calm expression 524 525.

Personality

Goku’s pure heart is central to Whis’s assessment of his talent. As a child, he is cheerful and somewhat confused by the gods’ interest, but remains committed to his promise to train with Master Roshi. As an adult, he responds enthusiastically to discovering stronger opponents and rarely allows defeat to discourage him 100 247 524.

His love of fighting can compromise his judgment. Beerus criticizes his habit of hiding his true strength and testing opponents instead of finishing battles quickly. Goku’s decision to spare Vegeta likewise combines mercy with his desire for a future rematch 330 333.

He becomes more cautious and responsible after learning about the Future Timeline. He prioritizes curing his heart disease, supports Gohan and Trunks’s development, and seeks training opportunities for Vegeta and his other fellow Saiyans 404 421 571.

His devotion to Chi-Chi becomes increasingly explicit. He plans to share his Life Fruits, worries about leaving her alone during training, and asks whether she can accompany him to the God of Destruction Realm 538 582.

Abilities & Skills

Martial Arts and Body Instinct

Goku’s training combines a strong technical foundation with instinctive reactions 191 526.

• Popo guides his training plans from his first ascent to the Heavenly Realm onward 571.
• His technique can redirect much of a stronger opponent’s force rather than meet it directly 525 526.
• His Body Instinct reaches Second Stage Peak, although he does not initially know its formal classification 526.
• He teaches Gohan and Future Trunks; Trunks’s improved martial arts become decisive in ending his Android Crisis 421 424.

Kaioken

North Kai teaches Goku the Kaioken, which temporarily amplifies his power 439.

• Documented uses include Double Kaioken, four-times Kaioken, 10x Kaioken, and 20x Kaioken 332 333 352 363.
• Gran identifies bodily endurance as the limiting factor for increasing its amplification 352.
• Before mastering Super Saiyan, it lets Goku challenge opponents far stronger than his base state 352.

Super Saiyan Transformations

Goku progresses through Super Saiyan, Super Saiyan 2, and Super Saiyan 3 in the original timeline 359 439 538.

• His first transformation follows Krillin’s death; he describes anger as its apparent trigger 359.
• Initially, he cannot transform again because he has not mastered the new form’s tremendous power 363.
• Super Saiyan 1 provides a fiftyfold power increase 522.
• He develops Super Saiyan 3 in Otherworld and later strengthens it through Whis’s training 538 595.

Ultra Instinct Prototype

Goku attains the initial form of Ultra Instinct through the Semi-No Self state of mind. Despite the announcement of his achievement, Gran and Whis explicitly distinguish it from complete mastery 524 525.

• Enables automatic evasion, faster reactions, and instinctive defensive movement 525 526.
• His offensive use remains incomplete; superior evasion does not give him enough power to seriously injure Rose 524 525.
• The imperfect state consumes substantial stamina 526.
• True mastery requires advancement to the No Self state of mind 525.

Instant Transmission

Goku learns Yardrat’s teleportation technique after landing there 369 421.

• Uses it for journeys beyond Earth 421.
• Saves Vegeta when Broly nearly kills him 527.
• Can use it during the Inter-Universal Martial Arts Tournament; the rules do not prohibit the technique 525 527.

Ki Techniques

• Kamehameha — Used against Vegeta and Rose; also taught to Future Trunks 332 424 522.
• Spirit Bomb — Learned from North Kai alongside Kaioken 439.
• Heavenly Breaking Fist — Used to kill King Piccolo after drinking the Super Holy Water 172.

Equipment / Items

• Flying Nimbus — An orange-yellow cloud used for childhood travel 100.
• Gravity Chamber — Built through Bulma’s efforts for the Saiyan confrontation; later helps him master repeated Super Saiyan transformation 259 317 363.
• Gravity Suit — A heavy training suit previously used by Gran, worn during Whis’s training 595.
• Senzu Beans — Gives Future Trunks a bean after training and approximately fifty more for his return home 421.
• Life Fruits — Wins 10,000 in the God-level Arena and plans to give half to Chi-Chi. They extend lifespan but cannot provide immortality 538 595.

Relationships

• Chi-Chi — Wife. They defend their family together, disagree over Gohan’s upbringing, and later support one another’s training and family responsibilities 244 248 317 538 582.
• Gohan — Son and student. Goku advocates martial training for his safety, guides his growth, and proudly follows his increasing strength 317 421 510 593.
• Raditz — Biological older brother. Their reunion initially lacks warmth, but Raditz eventually expresses pride in Goku and recognizes their father’s qualities in him 328 333.
• Bardock — Father. His prophecy that Kakarot would become a Super Saiyan motivates Vegeta’s journey to Earth 316 328.
• Bulma — Longstanding friend. Their childhood Dragon Ball journey precedes her later support through training technology, warnings about the future, and Goku’s heart-disease cure 100 259 404.
• Krillin — Friend and fellow student of Master Roshi. His death triggers Goku’s first Super Saiyan transformation; he remains steadfastly confident in Goku during the Rose match 359 503 524.
• Vegeta — Rival and eventual ally. Goku defeats and spares him, saves him from Broly, and advocates for his continued divine training 333 527 571.
• Piccolo — Former tournament opponent and fellow defender of Earth. Goku’s rage over his death strengthens his Kaioken; Piccolo later acknowledges Goku’s importance to Earth’s survival 191 333 404.
• Gran — Fellow Saiyan and influential guide. Protects Goku’s childhood training path, helps direct preparations for the Saiyan threat, and remains a benchmark for his martial development 100 259 524.
• Mr. Popo — Foundational mentor. Develops Goku’s martial arts and state of mind, then directs him toward Grand Kai and Whis when earlier training methods become insufficient 172 423 524 571.
• North Kai — Teacher of Kaioken and Spirit Bomb; helps him reach Grand Kai’s planet 439.
• Whis — Advanced teacher. Guides him past his power bottleneck and introduces the possibility of cultivating his Dimension 571 595.
• Future Trunks — Student whom Goku treats with familial concern. His instruction and supplies enable Trunks to save his own future from the Androids 421 424.
• Rose — Tournament opponent. Their initial mismatch develops into an enthusiastic, mutually respectful clash of martial arts philosophies 524 525 526.

Alternate-Timeline Counterparts

Counterpart	Documented role and differences
GT Goku	A Time Patrol member and Pan’s grandfather. His Super Saiyan 4 has Fourth Stage power. After losing to Gran, he promises a rematch and follows Gran’s suggestion to investigate Beerus and Whis 284 287.
Goku in the Future Timeline visited by Gran	Dies from heart disease before the Android catastrophe, but Popo later reveals that he continues training in Otherworld 309 404.

• GT Goku questions how Gran, a fellow Saiyan born mortal, became a deity. This prompts Old Kai to explain Dimension cultivation 483.
• GT Old Kai confirms that Beerus and Whis exist in that timeline, but says they vanished after a major incident shattered a corner of Universe 7 287 458.

Notable Quotes

“No matter what race I belonged to before, the fact that I'm an Earthling now will never change. So what is your purpose in coming here?” 328

“Sorry, but this is already my full strength!” 524