Goku

Biodata

Feature	Details
Name	Goku (孫悟空)
Alias(es)	Kakarot
Species/Race	Saiyan; identifies himself as both a Saiyan and an Earthling 312
Gender	Male
Affiliation	Earth's martial artists; defender of Earth
Occupation/Role	Martial artist
Status	Alive 863
First Appearance	Sent from Planet Vegeta to Earth as an infant 28

Power Progression

Stage / Realm / Level	Chapter	Notes
Initial Super Saiyan	534	Awakened under the pressure of King Cold's attack; defeated King Cold but could not immediately transform again afterward.
Ordinary Super Saiyan	537 539	Trained in Mefilada Tower to stabilize the transformation before confronting Frieza on Planet Namek; his mastered Super Saiyan power is stated to reach 120 million.
Super Saiyan Full Power	593	Reached Full Power after a year of training and combat alongside Vegeta in the Hyperbolic Time Chamber.
Super Saiyan 2	614	Broke through after nine days of dedicated training on Planet Metamor before the Cell Games.
Super Saiyan 3	731	Used his strongest form immediately against Vegito; the transformation places severe strain on his body and causes continual Ki leakage.
First-Level Sequence	719	His Super Saiyan 3 output reaches the First-Level Sequence, placing him above Son Gohan's battle state in raw energy intensity.

Background

Bardock and Gine sent their son Kakarot away from Planet Vegeta shortly before Frieza destroyed the planet and its Saiyan population 28 32. On Earth, he was taken in by Son Gohan. After suffering a head injury, he became a simple child with a pure heart and developed under the guidance of Earth’s martial arts masters 77.

Goku grew up alone on Mount Paozu after Son Gohan’s death, preserving his adoptive grandfather’s Four-Star Ball on an altar 218. Although initially unfamiliar with the outside world, he possessed exceptional physical strength and a love of training.

Appearance

Goku is usually seen in an orange-red martial arts gi and initially carries the Power Pole on his back 218 325. He matures from a small boy into an adult during his training period on Planet Sadala 311 364.

• Black hair in his normal state; golden hair and emerald-green eyes as a Super Saiyan 541.
• Had no visible tail when he arrived on Planet Sadala, leading Broly to mistake him for an Earthling 311 312.
• Super Saiyan 3 gives him waist-length golden hair, removes his eyebrows, and produces dense silver-white lightning 731.
• Wears a martial arts gi even while preparing for major battles 401.

Personality

Goku is defined by his enthusiasm for martial arts and self-improvement. Discovering that Planet Sadala held many fighters stronger than himself motivated him rather than discouraging him 311 312. He treats training as a source of enjoyment and consistently seeks difficult opponents.

He is also straightforward and fair-minded in battle. During his confrontation with Frieza, he allowed Frieza to release his restrained power rather than interrupting him, preferring an open contest 540. Despite this battle-loving nature, Goku repeatedly prioritizes protecting Earth and its people, including remaining behind against King Cold so his companions could escape 529.

Abilities & Skills

Saiyan Physiology

Goku’s Saiyan heritage grants him exceptional combat potential, rapid growth through intense training, and access to transformative battle states.

• Transforms into a Great Ape when exposed to a full moon; in this state, he loses his reason and becomes dangerous to everyone around him 218.
• Achieved Super Saiyan through battle and later learned to master the form through dedicated training 534 537 539.
• Progressed through Super Saiyan Full Power, Super Saiyan 2, and Super Saiyan 3 593 614 731.
• Began pursuing Super Saiyan God through self-cultivation in the Spirit God Realm rather than fusion 863.

Ki Control and Martial Arts

Goku is a refined close-range fighter whose movements are described as precise and controlled even when facing stronger opponents 325.

• Can sense distant Ki, including hostile presences such as Frieza’s approach on Planet Namek 539.
• Flies and fights at speeds that ordinary observers and even high-speed cameras struggle to follow 371 897.
• Uses the Kamehameha, including a decisive counterattack against Frieza’s Planet-Piercing Bomb 404 548.
• Uses Thunder Shock Surprise during his battle with Cell Jr. 615.

Kaioken

Goku learned the Kaioken as a high-risk technique that temporarily multiplies his battle power.

• Reached tenfold Kaioken after Hyperbolic Time Chamber training, raising a 2.4 million base power to 24 million 526.
• Pushed the technique to twentyfold Kaioken against King Cold 528 529.
• The technique severely strains his body; extended use left him exhausted and unable to maintain effective offense against King Cold 529.

Instant Transmission

After the battle on Planet Namek, Goku trained on Planet Yardrat to master Instant Transmission 562.

• Uses repeated Instant Transmission jumps to evade Momonman when Super Saiyan 3 proves insufficient 848.
• Enables rapid movement over battlefield distances, though it does not compensate for a major power gap 848.

Equipment

• Power Pole — Long staff used during his early adventures and against enemies such as the pterosaur 218.
• Flying Nimbus — Received from Master Roshi after reuniting with him during the Dragon Ball journey 218.
• Senzu Beans — Carries and uses them to restore injured allies, including Krillin after his tournament loss 371.

Relationships

• Bardock — Biological father; sent Kakarot from Planet Vegeta with Gine and later became a source of Goku’s knowledge about his Saiyan heritage 28 450.
• Gine — Biological mother; reluctantly helped send him to Earth for his safety 28.
• Raditz — Older brother; their reunion is hostile after Raditz demands that Goku kill Earthlings 447.
• Son Gohan — Adoptive grandfather and original owner of the Four-Star Ball; raised Goku on Earth 77 218.
• Bulma — Dragon Ball-search partner who became his spouse; mother of their daughter Bulla 218 447.
• Bulla — Daughter; Goku is proud of her growth, even after she surpasses him in strength 447 574.
• Piccolo — Ally and competitive training partner; Piccolo remains on North Kai Planet specifically to train against Goku 435.
• Vegeta — Primary rival; their repeated clashes push both Saiyans to improve 574 897.
• Roland — Mentor and adviser on Super Saiyan development; directed Goku’s training at Mefilada Tower and later supported his pursuit of Super Saiyan God 536 863.
• Broly — Fellow Saiyan and training acquaintance on Planet Sadala; their first meeting began with Broly mistaking Goku for an Earthling 311 312.
• Frieza — Enemy defeated by Goku on Planet Namek after Frieza threatened the Namekians and sought their Dragon Balls 539 548.

Major Arcs

Dragon Ball Journey

Goku met Bulma while she searched for the Dragon Balls. He protected her from a tiger-headed attacker, a pterosaur, bandits, the Rabbit Gang, Oolong, and Yamcha; the pair also reunited with Master Roshi and met Ox-King and Chi-Chi 218. During Emperor Pilaf’s attempt to seize the Dragon Balls, Goku transformed into a Great Ape under the full moon and rampaged through Pilaf’s castle 218.

Earth’s Martial Arts Era

After defeating King Piccolo, Goku became a major public symbol of Earth’s martial arts revival 311 510. He trained on Planet Sadala because Earth could no longer adequately challenge him, returning as an adult for the World Martial Arts Tournament with strength that astonished Tien Shinhan and the other Earth fighters 311 364.

Saiyan Heritage and Raditz

Raditz arrived on Earth claiming to be Goku’s brother and demanding that Goku turn against Earthlings. Goku showed concern for him but rejected Raditz’s violent demands 447. Paragus later told Goku more about Bardock, prompting Goku to seek a clearer understanding of his origins 450.

King Cold’s Invasion

Goku used increasingly dangerous levels of Kaioken against King Cold but was overwhelmed 526 529. When King Cold planted a Destruction Ball inside Earth, Goku ordered his allies to flee through Five Elements Mountain while he stayed behind 529. He awakened Initial Super Saiyan, defeated King Cold, and escaped to Yellow Springs before Earth was destroyed 534.

Battle of Planet Namek

After training to stabilize Super Saiyan, Goku remained behind at the Grand Elder’s residence to confront Frieza while the others escorted the Namekians and gathered their Dragon Balls 539. He overwhelmed Frieza’s released power, defeated him with a Kamehameha after Frieza launched the Planet-Piercing Bomb, and was rescued from Namek’s destruction by Roland’s Instant Transmission 541 548.

Android and Cell Conflicts

Goku defeated Android 19 after the Androids severely wounded Krillin, then accepted Vegeta’s challenge to test their respective Super Saiyan progress 573 574. After reaching Super Saiyan Full Power, he later trained on Planet Metamor and unlocked Super Saiyan 2 in time for the Cell Games 593 614.

Pursuit of Godhood

Having reached Super Saiyan 3 and the First-Level Sequence, Goku continued to seek a higher state rather than settling at the limit of his transformations 719 731. Roland explained that Super Saiyan God could be reached either through fusion or self-cultivation; Goku chose the self-cultivation path and departed with Roland for Planet God-Killer 863.

Notable Quotes

“It's nothing. I'm both a Saiyan and an Earthling.” 312

“This is already my strongest state. I hope to fight you.” 731