Recaps

Chu Feng created the Abnormal Fire Artifact Refining Method, and Rocket Turtle mastered its beginner level and received the Thunder Duke's Saint Hammer as a reward. After Fang Mu asked Chu Feng to protect Senior Sister Qinghe, Chu Feng sent Great Sage Golden Wing to the Great Abyss with his token to help her seek a place in the Dao-Seeking Academy.

• Chu Feng devised the Abnormal Fire Artifact Refining Method and recorded it on a jade slip for Rocket Turtle to study.
• Three months later, Rocket Turtle reached the beginner level of the technique, and Chu Feng gave him the Thunder Duke's Saint Hammer.
• Fang Mu told Chu Feng that Senior Sister Qinghe faced pressure from factions seeking her Azure Luan and asked Chu Feng to take her in as a disciple.
• Chu Feng gave Great Sage Golden Wing his token and asked him to go to the Great Abyss to help Qinghe.
• Great Sage Golden Wing took Fang Mu with him and set off for the Great Abyss.

Fang Linglong joined the Heavenly Spirit Institute as Lin Ming’s personal disciple after Chu Feng declined to take her on, and Chu Feng urged Fang Mu to grow stronger so he could help Senior Sister Qinghe. Ten years later, Nie Xiuyuan returned to Dao-Seeking Academy and was summoned by Chu Feng.

• Fang Linglong chose Chu Feng as her master, but he said her fate did not lie with him, so she became Lin Ming’s personal disciple instead.
• Fang Mu asked why Senior Sister Qinghe had not followed Chu Feng, and Chu Feng told him her fortune was not strong enough and urged him to cultivate.
• Ten years passed as the people on Miaomiao Mountain continued their cultivation.
• Nie Xiuyuan returned to Dao-Seeking Academy on a giant beast, shrank it, and landed on Miaomiao Mountain.
• Nie Xiuyuan greeted Great Sage Golden Wing and reunited with Chen Qianqian, who told him Chu Feng was on the mountain.
• Chu Feng called Nie Xiuyuan to the back mountain to see him.

Chu Feng summoned his disciples to witness Bing Yan’s breakthrough, while Nie Xiuyuan returned to the Miscellaneous Dao Institute as a Nirvana Realm elder. As snow spread across Dao-Seeking Academy, Bing Yan broke through to the Half-Saint Realm.

• Nie Xiuyuan reported his return to Chu Feng, who told him to register as an elder and wait until Bing Yan’s breakthrough before seeking revenge.
• Xiao Chen and Cao Youqian returned to Dao-Seeking Academy after Chu Feng summoned his disciples home.
• Chu Feng told his gathered disciples that Bing Yan would break through to the Half-Saint Realm within seven days.
• Bing Yan’s breakthrough stirred a snowstorm across Dao-Seeking Academy, and Chu Feng taught his disciples while they waited.
• Bing Yan broke through her bottleneck and entered the Half-Saint Realm.

Bing Yan weathered a Seven-Seven Lightning Tribulation and became a Great Sage, while the cultivation phenomenon she triggered benefited Dao-Seeking Academy. The academy head later summoned Chu Feng, Xiao Chen, and Cao Youqian to a council meeting, where the two disciples demonstrated that they had both comprehended the True Essence of the Great Dao.

• Bing Yan used the tribulation lightning to cultivate and completed her breakthrough as dawn's Heavenly Dao phenomenon spread across Dao-Seeking Academy.
• Lin Ming thanked Bing Yan for the benefits of her breakthrough and revealed that he was nearing the Half-Saint Realm.
• Chu Feng celebrated Bing Yan's breakthrough with the cultivators and said he would ask the academy head to set a wedding date.
• The academy head summoned Chu Feng, Xiao Chen, and Cao Youqian to a council meeting and asked the two holy son candidates to demonstrate their full strength.
• Xiao Chen and Cao Youqian exchanged attacks, revealing that both had comprehended the True Essence of the Great Dao.

Xiao Chen and Cao Youqian were appointed holy sons of Dao-Seeking Academy, and the academy scheduled their celebration for six months later. As the ceremony drew near, news of their elevation spread, those around them made progress in cultivation, and two travel-worn strangers arrived at the academy’s mountain gate.

• The academy head appointed Xiao Chen and Cao Youqian holy sons and set their celebration for six months later.
• Nie Xiuyuan told Chu Feng, Xiao Chen, and Cao Youqian that he planned to settle his grudges; Xiao Chen and Cao Youqian agreed to help after the ceremony.
• News of Xiao Chen’s appointment reached the Liang Kingdom, where the ruler and court celebrated, and the princess consort told her daughter Xi'er that she would soon see her big brother.
• The Song Clan patriarch celebrated after receiving a marriage contract and news that the clan’s worthy son-in-law had become a holy son.
• Lin Ming and the other chief elders broke through, Fang Mu became the Miscellaneous Dao Institute’s fourth elder, and Han Ping advanced in Spirit Nurturing.
• With fewer than seven days until the ceremony, two travel-worn figures followed directions to Dao-Seeking Academy and arrived at its mountain gate near sunset.

Ximen Ye and Qin Yun arrived at the Dao-Seeking Academy seeking masters, and their tokens revealed that Xiao Chen and Ye Beixuan had accepted them as disciples. After Head Deacon Bai registered them and informed the Miscellaneous Dao Institute, Xiao Chen and Ye Beixuan went to meet the two cultivators.

• Ximen Ye and Qin Yun reached the Dao-Seeking Academy’s mountain gate and told the patrol disciples they had come to seek masters.
• Qin Yun showed Ye Beixuan’s token, and the patrol leader recognized him as Elder Ye’s disciple and allowed him to enter.
• Ximen Ye presented Xiao Chen’s Holy Son candidate token, prompting the patrol leader to summon Head Deacon Bai.
• Head Deacon Bai took Ximen Ye and Qin Yun to register at the External Affairs Institute, then reported their arrival to Chu Feng.
• Xiao Chen recalled his test of a sword cultivator on the Endless Sea, while Ye Beixuan recognized Qin Yun as a boy he had once tested.
• Xiao Chen and Ye Beixuan went to the External Affairs Institute to meet Ximen Ye and Qin Yun.

Xiao Chen tested Ximen Ye’s swordsmanship and accepted him as a disciple, while the Dao-Seeking Academy held its Holy Son ceremony for Xiao Chen and Cao Youqian. Just as the challenge portion began, a student called out to challenge Senior Brother Cao.

• Xiao Chen and Ye Beixuan brought Ximen Ye and Qin Yun to meet Chu Feng, and Qin Yun fell asleep under the banquet table after drinking.
• Xiao Chen tested Ximen Ye’s sword strike, declared that he had passed, and took him to complete the sect enrollment formalities.
• The Dao-Seeking Academy held its Holy Son ceremony, and Xiao Chen and Cao Youqian received their ceremonial robes from the dean.
• Ming Chonglou invited others to challenge the new Holy Sons, and a student called out that he wanted to challenge Senior Brother Cao.

Lin Ping'an returned from the Land of Slaughter to challenge Cao Youqian during Cao's Holy Son ceremony, seeking revenge and recognition. He unleashed the Seven Killings Sword Art, and the chapter ended with Cao Youqian letting the attack strike him as dust swallowed the arena.

• Lin Ping'an appeared at the ceremony, and the crowd recognized the Seven Killings Sword after his years away in the Land of Slaughter.
• Chu Feng told Chen Qianqian that Lin Ping'an had once harmed Cao Youqian, while Ye Beixuan recalled Lin Ping'an from his previous life.
• Lin Ping'an confronted Cao Youqian and accused him of humiliating an outer disciple and stealing his fiancée, but Cao denied the accusation.
• Lin Ping'an released his killing aura and struck Cao Youqian with the Seven Killings Sword Art's “Know Not Lovesickness.”
• Cao Youqian folded his arms and let the sword strike him, raising a cloud of dust across the arena.

Cao Youqian defeated Lin Ping'an without harming him, winning the crowd’s admiration and bringing the Holy Son ceremony to a close. After Chu Feng’s disciples departed to help Nie Xiuyuan seek revenge, Nie’s group disguised themselves and set off through a teleportation array.

• Cao Youqian revealed his True Essence of Fist Dao, broke Lin Ping'an’s resolve, then stopped his punch before it struck and explained that he would spare his junior brother.
• Lin Ping'an accepted Cao Youqian’s advice, bowed, and left as the crowd cheered and the Holy Son ceremony ended.
• Nie Xiuyuan, Bai Qian, Chen Qianqian, and the other disciples bid Chu Feng farewell, and Chu Feng warned them to call on their master rather than risk their lives.
• After Great Sage Golden Wing left with his adoptive father, Chu Feng took Bing Yan to the back mountain.
• Ye Beixuan explained to Qin Yun that the group would disguise themselves to avoid scaring off Nie Xiuyuan’s enemies while they dealt with the forces behind them.
• Nie Xiuyuan’s group finished changing their appearances and departed through the city lord’s residence teleportation array.

Nie Xiuyuan brought his companions to the Precious Elephant Royal City to confront the Golden Wheel King and the Five Rosy Clouds King at the upcoming Water and Land Dharma Assembly. While Xiao Chen took Liu Yue'er, Chen Qianqian, and Bai Qian sightseeing, they clashed with a young nobleman who tried to seize them.

• Qin Yun drove Nie Xiuyuan and the others into the royal city, where Nie recalled his ties to the Buddha Hidden Temple and hinted at the tragedy that had changed his life.
• Nie Xiuyuan told Cao Youqian that he planned to confront the Golden Wheel King and the Five Rosy Clouds King at the Water and Land Dharma Assembly in seven days.
• Xiao Chen took Liu Yue'er, Chen Qianqian, and Bai Qian to explore the city while Nie Xiuyuan stayed at the inn.
• A young nobleman accused Liu Yue'er of leading his fox concubine astray and ordered his men to seize her and the other women.
• Chen Qianqian struck the nobleman's lackeys with a palm, sending them staggering back and drawing a crowd's attention.

Chen Qianqian used her Go technique to defeat Jin Guang’s lackeys but spared him when Liu Yue'er reminded her of their business. Back at their residence, Nie Xiuyuan revealed he planned to uncover the truth about the past and vowed that Jin Miao and Yin Xiyuan would die in seven days.

• Jin Guang ordered his lackeys to attack Chen Qianqian, Liu Yue'er, and Bai Qian.
• Chen Qianqian trapped the attackers on a Go board and made them kill one another.
• Liu Yue'er stopped Chen Qianqian from killing Jin Guang, and an old voice warned him that Liu Yue'er was no ordinary person.
• Chen Qianqian and the others returned to their residence and told Nie Xiuyuan about the confrontation.
• Nie Xiuyuan said he wanted to uncover the truth of what happened back then and named Jin Miao and Yin Xiyuan as targets to die in seven days.

Jin Guang and Master Kongwen discussed the mysterious group that had challenged them, while Jin Guang vowed to deal with the three women after the Water and Land Dharma Assembly. Seven days later, Xiao Chen and his companions entered the assembly, where the Precious Elephant Kingdom’s rulers and the Buddhist Son arrived; Nie Xiuyuan’s group stayed seated.

• Master Kongwen warned Jin Guang that the hidden swordsman among the newcomers frightened him more than Jin Guang’s father, but Jin Guang vowed to settle accounts with the three women after the assembly.
• Cao Youqian revealed that he had obtained invitations for the group, and they passed the guards and took seats at the back of the assembly grounds.
• Cao Youqian told his companions how he had secured the invitations as they climbed the mountain to Treasure Elephant Temple.
• The Kings and Marquises of the Precious Elephant Kingdom and Buddha Hidden Temple arrived as the crowd gathered for the assembly.
• Golden Wheel King and Five Rosy Clouds King arrived together, and Nie Xiuyuan briefly showed killing intent at their appearance.
• The Buddhist Son descended onto a three-colored Buddhist lotus, and everyone welcomed him except Nie Xiuyuan and his companions, who remained seated.

At the Water and Land Dharma Assembly, Buddha Son Faxiang prepared to crown Golden Wheel King as ruler of the Precious Elephant Kingdom. Nie Xiuyuan interrupted the coronation by exposing Golden Wheel King and Five Rosy Clouds King’s past crimes, then revealed himself to the stunned crowd.

• Dharma King Moluo led the Water and Land Dharma Assembly through its rites, culminating in Buddha Son Faxiang reading the decree of absolution.
• Faxiang read the imperial edict investing Golden Wheel King as king and asked whether anyone objected.
• Nie Xiuyuan spoke up, accusing Golden Wheel King and Five Rosy Clouds King of adultery and the massacre of her husband’s family.
• Nie Xiuyuan’s True Intent formed a giant over the assembly, frightening Golden Wheel King and the other guests.
• Nie Xiuyuan revealed himself, shocking Golden Wheel King, Five Rosy Clouds King, and Buddha Son Faxiang.

Nie Xiuyuan confronted Golden Wheel King and Five Rosy Clouds King at the Water and Land Dharma Assembly, but Buddha Son Faxiang and the Precious Elephant Kingdom’s Nirvana experts moved to stop him. Cao Youqian, Xiao Chen, and their fellow disciples intervened, and the chapter ended with Cao Youqian knocking Dharma King Moluo into a crater.

• The crowd recalled that Golden Wheel King and Five Rosy Clouds King had wronged Nie Xiuyuan more than a hundred years earlier.
• Nie Xiuyuan challenged the pair to fight him together, but Buddha Son Faxiang ordered more than twenty Nirvana experts to seize him.
• Cao Youqian and Xiao Chen stepped forward to help Nie Xiuyuan, while Cao Youqian assigned the other disciples to face the Precious Elephant Kingdom’s forces.
• Xiao Chen confronted Buddha Son Faxiang, and Cao Youqian challenged six Kings and Marquises while assigning Qin Yin, Ye Beixuan, and Chen Qianqian to other opponents.
• Dharma King Moluo attacked Cao Youqian with the Arhat Jin Gang Palm, but Cao Youqian struck him down with a punch.

Ye Beixuan and Wang Baole stopped the Precious Elephant Kingdom and Buddha Hidden Temple’s Nirvana experts while Nie Xiuyuan faced Golden Wheel and Five Rosy Clouds. After Golden Wheel summoned the Ten Thousand Buddha Soldiers, Wang Baole and the Dao-Seeking Academy disciples entered the formation, and Nie Xiuyuan prepared to strike Golden Wheel.

• Ye Beixuan blocked more than a dozen Nirvana experts and pierced one of them with a purple sword image.
• Buddha Son Faxiang ordered Golden Wheel King to summon the Ten Thousand Buddha Soldiers, who formed the Ten Thousand Buddhas Great Formation and attacked Nie Xiuyuan’s group.
• Wang Baole countered the formation’s strike with a taiji diagram and emerged unharmed.
• Wang Baole, Bai Qian, Xu Caichen, Han Ping, and Chu Caiyi entered the formation together.
• Nie Xiuyuan told Golden Wheel that three different True Intents at Great Perfection could break the formation, then swung his sword at him.

Nie Xiuyuan and his allies attacked the Water and Land Dharma Assembly at Treasure Elephant Temple, overwhelming its defenders and crippling Golden Wheel King, Five Rosy Clouds King, and Buddha Son Faxiang. As a nine-tailed demon fox destroyed the Ten Thousand Buddhas Great Formation and the battle spread across the temple, Faxiang shouted for everyone to stop.

• Nie Xiuyuan, Cao Youqian, Qin Qin, Ye Beixuan, and Xiao Chen attacked the experts at the Water and Land Dharma Assembly while Qin Yun and Ximen Ye watched.
• Xiao Chen wounded Buddha Son Faxiang with a sword strike, while Nie Xiuyuan defeated Golden Wheel King and Five Rosy Clouds King and revealed his intent to destroy their clans to expose the person behind the Nie Clan’s destruction.
• Two Demon God phantoms appeared above the Ten Thousand Buddhas Great Formation, and a nine-tailed demon fox wielding five thunders shattered it.
• Wang Baole, Xu Caichen, Han Ping, Chen Qianqian, and the others fought the formation’s defenders as Cao Youqian, Qin Qin, and Ye Beixuan overwhelmed their opponents inside the temple.
• Buddha Son Faxiang shouted for everyone to stop, and Nie Xiuyuan and the others turned to look at him.

Nie Xiuyuan forced Buddha Son Faxiang to admit that his lineage's ancestor had planned the events of the past, then attacked him at the land and water Dharma assembly. As a powerful figure from the Buddha Hidden Temple arrived to stop the fight, Nie Xiuyuan welcomed the confrontation.

• Cao Youqian let Buddha Son Faxiang call for backup, but Grandmaster Grand Vow did not answer until Great Sage Blazing Sun appeared carrying him, battered.
• Nie Xiuyuan accused Buddha Son Faxiang of involvement in the past plot, and Great Sage Grand Vow urged Faxiang to stop hiding the truth.
• Buddha Son Faxiang admitted that his lineage's ancestor had planned what happened, then threatened that the Buddha Hidden Temple would suppress Nie Xiuyuan.
• Nie Xiuyuan struck Buddha Son Faxiang with his sword, broke his protective Buddha jade, and prepared to attack again.
• A powerful voice from the sky ordered Nie Xiuyuan to stop, and Faxiang rejoiced while Nie Xiuyuan said the arrival was expected.

Great Sage Sacred Heart arrived at Treasure Elephant Temple and offered to take Nie Xiuyuan as his disciple, but Nie refused to abandon his revenge. As Sacred Heart prepared to take Nie away, Chu Feng appeared and declared that he would protect his disciple.

• Great Sage Sacred Heart arrived above Treasure Elephant Temple in a golden Buddha statue carried by five Kings and Marquises.
• Great Sage Blazing Sun and Great Sage Mountain-Mover discussed Sacred Heart's possible advance to the Saint Realm, while Mountain-Mover secretly sent for backup.
• Great Sage Sacred Heart offered to accept Nie Xiuyuan as his disciple and punish Faxiang, Golden Wheel King, and the others if Nie renounced his revenge.
• Nie Xiuyuan rejected Sacred Heart's offer and declared that revenge was his only purpose.
• Great Sage Sacred Heart said he would remove Nie's killing intent and take him away, but Chu Feng appeared and challenged him to try.

Chu Feng arrived in the Precious Elephant Kingdom to help Nie Xiuyuan fulfill his wish and challenged Great Sage Sacred Heart after rejecting a peaceful resolution. As Sacred Heart's Buddhist realm began to engulf him, Chu Feng finally moved.

• Chu Feng introduced himself as Great Sage Qiankun after the dean brought him to the Precious Elephant Kingdom, shocking the onlookers.
• Chu Feng told Great Sage Sacred Heart that he had come to help Nie Xiuyuan take revenge and would not stop him, even if the kingdom ran with blood.
• Chu Feng challenged Sacred Heart to settle the matter by force after asking whether Sacred Heart could forgive someone who killed his whole family.
• Sacred Heart warned that he had cultivated three cycles of 108 true essences, while Chu Feng claimed to have traveled much farther along the same path.
• Sacred Heart revealed himself from the golden Buddha statue and unleashed the Buddhist technique Deliver All Living Beings, enveloping Chu Feng in a Buddhist realm.
• As Chu Feng was about to disappear within the Buddhist realm, he finally moved.

Chu Feng and Great Sage Sacred Heart fought at Treasure Elephant Temple, with Sacred Heart forcing Chu Feng to reveal his full strength. Chu Feng erased Sacred Heart’s final attack with one sword strike, leaving the battle’s outcome unclear.

• Chu Feng trapped Great Sage Sacred Heart in the Heaven and Earth Chessboard, but Sacred Heart escaped by sending out hundreds of clones.
• Great Sage Sacred Heart broke his prayer beads and burned his lifespan, summoning a golden Buddha-bone sarira to strengthen himself.
• Chu Feng revealed two fully tempered Divine Physiques, astonishing the spectators and prompting Sage Donglai to say he had the makings of an Immortal Emperor.
• Great Sage Sacred Heart unleashed Ten Thousand Buddhas Pay Homage, collapsing Treasure Elephant Temple and shattering the surrounding mountains.
• Chu Feng drew a treasured sword and erased the illusory Buddhas with one slash that swept across the sky.

Chu Feng defeated Great Sage Sacred Heart, who passed into nirvana, and Buddha Hidden Temple surrendered those involved in the Nie Clan’s destruction. As the temple sealed its gates for three years, Dao-Seeking Academy began punishing the guilty in the Precious Elephant Kingdom.

• Chu Feng defeated Great Sage Sacred Heart with a sword technique he named Myriad Daos Return to One, and Sacred Heart asked him to spare Buddha Hidden Temple before dying.
• Buddha Hidden Temple’s elders accepted defeat, and Honghui handed over the monks involved in the Nie Clan’s annihilation and took Sacred Heart’s remains away.
• Honghui announced that Buddha Hidden Temple would seal its gates for three years, while Great Sage Grand Vow asked Chu Feng for a dignified death and then passed into nirvana.
• Chu Feng ordered his disciples to kill the guilty, and Chen Qianqian seized Jin Guang as Nie Xiuyuan confronted Five Rosy Clouds King and Buddha Son Faxiang.
• Nie Xiuyuan struck down Buddha Son Faxiang when he tried to attack him, and the slaughter continued through Treasure Elephant Temple and the royal city.

After returning from the Precious Elephant Kingdom, Chu Feng was told to recruit new disciples for the Miscellaneous Dao Institute. He established an outer institute for new recruits and set the academy in motion to accept disciples again.

• Nie Xiuyuan set out to travel across the Eight Desolations and brew the world's finest wine, while some of Chu Feng's disciples chose to keep traveling and others returned with him.
• Chu Feng returned to the Dao-Seeking Academy as news of the Great Sage battle spread and academy disciples became eager to join the Miscellaneous Dao Institute.
• The dean told Chu Feng that the Miscellaneous Dao Institute had not recruited new disciples in years, and Chu Feng agreed to arrange a recruitment drive.
• Chu Feng announced that new disciples would train in an outer institute for three years before passing an assessment to enter the inner institute, where his disciples could take them as personal disciples.
• Chu Feng appointed Qin Qin to oversee recruitment, and news that the Miscellaneous Dao Institute was accepting disciples drew many cultivators to Dao-Seeking City.

The Miscellaneous Dao Institute recruited disciples at the Dao-Seeking Academy’s gathering, taking in a handful of ordinary candidates before Qin Qin accepted the Northern Abyss Shi Clan prodigy Shi Xuan. Qin Qin took Shi Xuan up the mountain to meet Chu Feng, while the recruitment ended amid the crowd’s protests and astonishment.

• Qin Qin and Chu Caiyi assessed candidates, and the institute recruited two disciples on the first day and three more on the second.
• Xu Caichen explained to the first two recruits that they had to pass the outer institute assessment before they could meet Chu Feng or become his disciples.
• Shi Xuan of the Northern Abyss Shi Clan arrived with his retainers and followed Fang Mu’s questions about his name and fortuitous encounters.
• Qin Qin offered Shi Xuan a place in the institute and promised to take him as her disciple, while saying Chu Feng would decide whether he became his disciple.
• When other candidates protested, Qin Qin displayed her Great Perfection True Intent, ended recruitment, and took Shi Xuan up the mountain.

Qin Qin brought Shi Xuan to Chu Feng after discovering that his immense fortune concealed a dangerous omen. Chu Feng identified Shi Xuan as a Great Villain of Destiny, and Shi Xuan chose to become his disciple so he could face that fate under Chu Feng’s guidance.

• Qin Qin told Chu Feng that she had recruited a young man whose fortune rivaled Xiao Chen’s, then brought Shi Xuan before him.
• Chu Feng used the Eye of World Destruction and saw black fortune devouring Shi Xuan’s purple-gold fortune.
• Shi Xuan described his nine fiancées and the Innate Saint Bone transplanted into him from a branch-family member.
• Chu Feng explained that Shi Xuan was destined to become a Great Villain of Destiny and could change his fate by defeating a Child of Destiny.
• Shi Xuan knelt and became Chu Feng’s thirteenth direct disciple.

After joining the Dao-Seeking Academy, Shi Xuan asked Chu Feng about his cultivation technique, but Chu Feng first sent him to investigate the Shi Clan, his fiancées, and the clan’s past misdeeds. Shi Xuan tasked Feng Shanhou with the investigation and kept its purpose secret.

• Fang Mu showed Shi Xuan his new courtyard and advised him to visit Chu Feng after the sun was high because their master slept late.
• Shi Xuan cultivated on Miaomiao Mountain, then visited Chu Feng, who told him to investigate his opponents before trying to change his fate.
• Chu Feng sent Xu Caichen and Shi Xuan to register Shi Xuan’s information and investigate the Shi Clan and his fiancées.
• At the Dragon Gate Inn, Shi Xuan instructed Feng Shanhou to investigate the matters recorded on a jade slip without publicizing Shi Xuan’s new discipleship.
• Feng Shanhou was shocked by the investigation request, but Shi Xuan told him he would understand the reason in time.