Recaps

Saine’s attempt to escape was stopped by the Mosquito Daoist, who attacked both him and the Purple Colony Demon Emperor with Blood Mosquitoes and the Fan Tian Seal. Saine fought back, but Evil Tide Dominators closed in and left him trapped in the chaotic battle zone.

• The Mosquito Daoist ambushed Saine with the Fan Tian Seal and attacked the Purple Colony Demon Emperor with Blood Mosquitoes, weakening her Law Body and Dominator aura.
• Saine counterattacked with the Thunder God Fortress Group and his spells, helping the Purple Colony Demon Emperor and forcing the Mosquito Daoist’s main body to pause.
• After draining some of the Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s Dominator essence, the Mosquito Celestial Emperor shifted more power toward Saine and demanded to know why he possessed Chaos Power.
• Saine answered by striking the Mosquito Celestial Emperor with a fortress-sized iron fist, while several Evil Tide Dominators caught up to him.
• The Evil Tide Dominators turned much of their hostility toward the Blood Mosquitoes, and the battle was about to erupt again as Saine’s chance to escape dwindled.

Saine remained trapped beneath the Fan Tian Seal as the Evil Tide Demon Emperors launched a chaotic assault on both him and the Mosquito Celestial Emperor. Their attacks shifted toward the Blood Mosquito swarm, leaving the Mosquito Daoist surrounded by Dominators as the melee intensified.

• The Unscathed Demon Emperor split its Law Hands between the Blood Mosquito swarm and Saine, while the Luoye Demon Emperor focused its Fallen Leaf Law Blades on Saine.
• The Demon Emperor Zaji and several other Demon Emperors joined the attack, with Zaji choosing the Mosquito Celestial Emperor as its target.
• The Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor struck the Blood Mosquito True Body with its blades, killing thousands of Blood Mosquitoes.
• The Heavenly Winged Demon Emperor attacked for the Purple Colony Demon Emperor, while the Demon Emperor Kufeng and Bone Spike Demon Emperor also assaulted the swarm.
• The Bone Spike Demon Emperor sent two bone spikes toward Saine, but Icarus and Fumila intercepted them with their Light Swords.
• The Mosquito Daoist found itself surrounded by the Evil Tide Dominators as the many-sided melee grew more chaotic.

Mosquito Daoist attacked the Evil Tide Dominators, but Saine intervened with Flames of Ash and began casting a vastly improved Doomsday Magic. As the forbidden spell gathered power, the Purple Evil Tide barrier could no longer contain its radiance.

• Mosquito Daoist split his Blood Mosquito swarms to attack the Purple Colony Demon Emperor, the Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor, and the Heavenly Winged Demon Emperor.
• Mosquito Daoist wounded the Heavenly Winged Demon Emperor, forcing the Stone Element Demon Emperor and Clear Sky Demon Emperor to rush to his aid while Demon Emperor Zaji struggled to protect the Purple Colony Demon Emperor.
• Saine left the Thunder God Fortress and sent Flames of Ash against the Blood Mosquitoes attacking the Purple Colony Demon Emperor, causing Mosquito Daoist to feel pain and fear.
• Saine taunted Mosquito Daoist and unleashed his ash Origin Power, then began chanting Doomsday Magic enhanced by his recent insights and the Godly Gene.
• The forbidden spell’s radiance spread through the Chaotic Star Sea as the weakened Purple Evil Tide barrier failed to contain its lingering force.

Saine used Eternal Limit Light to break through Mosquito Daoist’s swarm and reach the Purple Colony Demon Emperor. He held her hostage, forcing the surrounding Evil Tide Dominators to stop their attack and send his allies to him.

• Saine unleashed Eternal Limit Light, annihilating a large portion of Mosquito Daoist’s blood mosquito swarm and breaking through the encirclement.
• Saine reached the trembling Purple Colony Demon Emperor, though his mana and Mental Strength were nearly exhausted.
• Saine grabbed the Purple Colony Demon Emperor and pressed the Staff of Ashes against her chest, threatening her life.
• Saine demanded that the Demon Emperors back away and send Thunder God, Icarus, and Fumila to him.
• Demon Emperor Zaji and the other Evil Tide Dominators hesitated to attack, fearing the consequences of the Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s death.

Saine faced the Mosquito Celestial Emperor’s renewed attack while holding the Purple Colony Demon Emperor, who proved to be a powerful healer. Her support restored Saine’s strength and left him newly aware of her immense value as the battle continued.

• The regrouped Demonized Fleets retreated from Saine and escorted his surviving Intelligent Robot legions, including Number Seventeen and Number Eighteen, back to safety.
• The Mosquito Celestial Emperor ignored Saine’s threats and charged at him and the Purple Colony Demon Emperor with the Fan Tian Seal, while the Demon Emperor Zaji and the others failed to stop it in time.
• Saine demanded that the Purple Colony Demon Emperor use her remaining trump cards as the Mosquito Celestial Emperor closed in.
• The Purple Colony Demon Emperor spread her Law of Light, rapidly healing Saine’s injuries and restoring his Dominator Omnipotent Soul, magic power, and Mental Strength.
• Saine praised the Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s value, and she blushed and lowered her head in his arms.

Saine and the Purple Colony Demon Emperor fought the Mosquito Celestial Emperor together, with her blessings keeping Saine alive through its attacks. As Saine neared collapse, a hidden Level-8 Dominator appeared and used the Measuring Heaven Bottle to draw in Blood Mosquitoes, though the Mosquito Celestial Emperor's Fan Tian Seal struck him.

• The Purple Colony Demon Emperor blessed Saine, boosting his strength and helping him create three enormous Rule Lotus Platforms to attack the Mosquito Celestial Emperor.
• The Mosquito Celestial Emperor's Blood Mosquitoes overwhelmed Saine's defenses, so Saine held the Purple Colony Demon Emperor close and shielded her with his Flames of Ash.
• The Mosquito Celestial Emperor struck Saine with a Blood Mosquito palm and the Fan Tian Seal, while the Purple Colony Demon Emperor continued strengthening him.
• Saine noticed an abnormal fluctuation behind the Mosquito Celestial Emperor and called out, revealing a hidden Level-8 Dominator.
• The Mosquito Celestial Emperor redirected its Blood Palm and Fan Tian Seal toward the stranger, who used the Measuring Heaven Bottle to suck in many Blood Mosquitoes before the Fan Tian Seal hit his chest.

Saine and an unknown Level-8 Dominator joined forces against the Mosquito Celestial Emperor, drawing Icarus, Fumila, and the Evil Tide Dominators into a united assault. Saine exposed and deterred the Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor while recovering and waiting for reinforcements from the Immortal Domain.

• The unknown Level-8 Dominator attacked the Mosquito Celestial Emperor with the Measuring Heaven Bottle, and Saine retreated while observing their battle.
• Icarus and Fumila joined the fight, and Demon Emperor Zaji and the other Demon Emperors attacked the Mosquito Celestial Emperor and his Blood Mosquito tide.
• Saine spotted the Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor preparing a sneak attack and forced him to reveal himself and retreat.
• Saine avoided pursuing the Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor so he could recover and avoid drawing attacks while the others fought the Mosquito Celestial Emperor.
• Saine looked toward the Immortal Domain and waited for reinforcements to arrive.

Saine and the Dominators struggled to contain Mosquito Daoist until Master Tongtian Duan Po arrived with the Four Swords of Zhuxian. His arrival shifted the battle as he attacked Mosquito Daoist and the Evil Tide Dominators.

• An unfamiliar Rank Eight Dominator used the Measuring Heaven Bottle to fight Mosquito Daoist while Saine and Purple Colony Demon Emperor supported him.
• Saine recognized that the Measuring Heaven Bottle was likely a powerful treasure concealed by a restriction and wanted to study it.
• The Dominators’ divided assault failed to break the stalemate with Mosquito Daoist.
• Master Tongtian Duan Po arrived with the Four Swords of Zhuxian after Duan Ning warned him that Saine was in danger.
• Master Tongtian sent the Immortal Slaughtering Sword and Immortal Trapping Sword after Mosquito Daoist and directed the other two swords at Demon Emperor Zaji and the other Evil Tide Dominators.

Master Tongtian and several Immortal Domain saints arrived in the Chaotic Star Sea to rescue Saine, turning the battle against Mosquito Daoist and the Evil Tide Dominators. Dipamkara Buddha joined Saine, but he coveted the Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s defensive treasure.

• Master Tongtian attacked Mosquito Daoist with the Immortal Slaughtering Sword and Immortal Trapping Sword as other Immortal Domain saints arrived.
• Xu Changqing and Dipamkara Buddha joined the battlefield as Dominators sent to rescue Saine.
• Dipamkara Buddha noticed the unfamiliar Level-8 Dominator holding the Measuring Heaven Bottle and declared that the treasure was destined for him.
• Dipamkara Buddha flew toward Saine instead of joining the attack on Mosquito Daoist, while the Purple Colony Demon Emperor trembled at his Buddhist golden light.
• Dipamkara Buddha eyed the Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s purple gemstone and told her that the treasure was destined for him.

Saine blocked Dipamkara Buddha from taking the Purple Colony Demon Emperor and threatened him with Eternal Limit Light until he changed course. Dipamkara then targeted the Level-7 Demon Emperors, prompting the Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor to flee through a space crack.

• Saine shielded the bound Purple Colony Demon Emperor when Dipamkara Buddha demanded they subdue her.
• Dipamkara Buddha ignored Saine’s warning and drew Buddhist relics to attack, while the Purple Colony Demon Emperor embraced Saine and restored him with Blessing Power.
• Saine aimed Eternal Limit Light at Dipamkara Buddha, who changed direction rather than risk a fight with him.
• Dipamkara Buddha chose to pursue the Level-7 Demon Emperors instead of joining the attack on the Mosquito Daoist.
• The Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor fled through a space crack as Dipamkara Buddha’s golden light struck the area he had left.

Dipamkara Buddha drove Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor into retreat, then drew the fire of numerous Evil Tide Dominators and called for help. General Feipeng and Chonglou arrived to reinforce the Immortal Domain, while Saine redirected Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s fleets to attack Mosquito Celestial Emperor.

• Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor fled after Dipamkara Buddha’s Buddhist light badly corroded and scorched his body, and he vowed to take revenge.
• Demon Emperor Kufeng, Demon Emperor Zaji, Bone Spike Demon Emperor, Clear Sky Demon Emperor, Unscathed Demon Emperor, and Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s fleets concentrated their attacks on Dipamkara Buddha.
• Dipamkara Buddha called for help as General Feipeng and Chonglou arrived to reinforce the Immortal Domain Sages.
• Saine reconsidered his opinion of Chonglou and recognized the potential for future cooperation with the Sky Demon World.
• Saine looked toward Purple Colony Demon Emperor, who redirected her fleets from Dipamkara Buddha to Mosquito Celestial Emperor.

As Saine and the Immortal Domain forces prepared to withdraw from the Chaotic Star Sea, the solitary Level 8 Dominator who had helped them began leaving too. Saine reunited with him and learned that the modest stranger was named Han Li.

• Han Li began withdrawing after collecting Blood Mosquito essence blood, and Master Tongtian and Mosquito Daoist let him pass.
• Demon Emperor Zaji urged the Stone Element Demon Emperor and Luoye Demon Emperor to block Han Li’s escape.
• Master Tongtian left the battle after fighting Mosquito Daoist, while Saine brought Purple Colony Demon Emperor toward him and Han Li.
• Saine reunited with Master Tongtian and thanked Han Li, inviting him to visit the Wizard Civilization.
• Han Li introduced himself but said he had never heard of the Wizard Civilization.

Saine and his allies prepared to break out of the Chaotic Star Sea with Master Tongtian, while Han Li remained a mysterious observer. As the group fled, Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor ambushed Dipamkara Buddha and pierced his Golden Body of Dharma, but failed to seriously threaten him.

• Saine declined to visit Wizard Civilization and urged Master Tongtian to leave the Chaotic Star Sea with the group.
• Han Li took special notice of Master Tongtian's Azure Lotus Sword and regarded Saine with unusual interest.
• Master Tongtian led the breakout, with Fei Peng and Xu Changqing guarding the flanks and Saine and Chonglou defending the rear.
• Dipamkara Buddha followed the escaping group after collecting Dominator Tree Sap from the battle.
• Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor emerged from hiding and stabbed Dipamkara Buddha's shoulders, damaging his Golden Body of Dharma but failing to threaten his life.

Dipamkara Buddha struck Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor and broke his spine, but both withdrew as their allies retreated from the battlefield. Saine and the others learned that the Immortal Domain was pulling back across multiple fronts and had to retreat deeper into its territory.

• Dipamkara Buddha caught Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor as he fled through subspace and struck him hard enough to break his spine.
• Twilight Tribulation Demon Emperor escaped toward Demon Emperor Zaji and the other Evil Tide Dominators, while Dipamkara Buddha chose not to pursue him and retreated.
• Dipamkara Buddha rejoined Master Tongtian, Saine, and the others, then took a place at the center of their retreating formation.
• Saine learned that the Immortal Domain had ordered a full-scale retreat, including from the Buddhism Sect war zone and Golden Mountain Great World.
• Saine and the others continued retreating deeper into the Immortal Domain, as other top-level civilizations also surrendered territory to the Evil Tide.

Saine and the Immortal Domain group fled the Chaotic Star Sea while Evil Tide reinforcements pursued them, and Mosquito Daoist escaped separately with a Rank-6 Merit Golden Lotus. Facing more than twenty pursuers, Saine proposed bargaining over Purple Colony Demon Emperor and demanded two Demonized Fleets in exchange for releasing him.

• Han Li withdrew with Saine and the others toward the depths of the Immortal Domain, while Mosquito Daoist slipped away from the battle separately.
• Mosquito Daoist revealed a Rank-6 Merit Golden Lotus during its escape, and Dipamkara Buddha became determined to seize it.
• Bright Blue Demon Ancestor, Demon Emperor Zaji, and more than twenty other Evil Tide Dominators pursued Saine's group as reinforcements arrived in the Chaotic Star Sea.
• Saine warned Master Tongtian and the other Saints that their damaged forces might not survive the pursuit and proposed making a transaction with the Evil Tide Dominators.
• Saine offered to release Purple Colony Demon Emperor if he handed over two Dominator-class Demonized Fleets and relinquished control of them to Saine's Sky Net.

Saine exchanged the Purple Colony Demon Emperor for safe passage and control of two damaged Demonized Fleets, while wondering why she obeyed him so completely. After securing control of the fleets, Saine and Master Tongtian left before the transfer was finished.

• Saine considered the Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s uncanny obedience and decided to trade her to the Evil Tide Civilization for safe passage and two Demonized Fleets.
• Saine negotiated with the Bright Blue Demon Ancestor and, following Han Li’s advice, chose a small Meteorite Belt as the exchange site.
• The exchange proceeded smoothly, and the Purple Colony Demon Emperor handed Saine control of two fleets and her Corrupted Sky Net.
• Saine began integrating his Sky Net program and Intelligent Robots into the fleets while the Purple Colony Demon Emperor returned to the Bright Blue Demon Ancestor.
• After four Attack Ships had come under his control, Saine told Master Tongtian to leave, and they flew toward a spatial vortex before the transfer was complete.

Saine and his allies escaped the Evil Tide pursuers through a spatial vortex, with Saine storing several fleets and his Mechanical Legion in the Magic Cube. Han Li agreed to remain on the Immortal Domain Battlefield, while Master Tongtian welcomed him and renewed his determination to hunt Mosquito Daoist.

• Saine, Master Tongtian, and the others entered a spatial vortex as Evil Tide attacks pursued them, and Saine stored two Demonized Fleets, the Thunder God Fortress Group, and his Mechanical Legion in the Magic Cube.
• Dipamkara Buddha refrained from commenting on Saine's treasure when Master Tongtian stood nearby with the Four Swords of Zhuxian.
• Han Li said he would stay longer on the Immortal Domain Battlefield to pursue his Great Dao, and Master Tongtian welcomed him to the Immortal Domain Civilization.
• Saine asked whether Han Li's former world was connected to the Myriad Transformations Celestial Venerable World, but Han Li said he had never heard of it and did not wish to discuss his past.
• Master Tongtian blamed Mosquito Daoist for the death of Yuanshi Tianzun's eldest disciple and thanked Han Li for wounding him with the Measuring Heaven Bottle.
• Han Li promised to help Master Tongtian and the others again if another opportunity arose.

Saine and the other Immortal Domain Saints escaped through a spatial vortex, while Bright Blue Demon Ancestor accepted that the pursuit had failed and arranged for Purple Colony Demon Emperor to recover. Purple Colony remained distracted by memories of Saine’s protection, leaving her unsure how she would respond if they met again.

• Saine and the other Immortal Domain Saints escaped into the material starry sky, with the pursuing Evil Tide Dominators unable to catch them.
• Bright Blue Demon Ancestor decided not to pursue Saine’s group further and focused on Purple Colony Demon Emperor’s safety and recovery.
• Bright Blue Demon Ancestor treated Purple Colony and noticed her strange, absent-minded behavior.
• Purple Colony remembered feeling safe in Saine’s arms and wondered whether she would obey him if they met again.
• Bright Blue Demon Ancestor promised to handle the fallout and let Purple Colony recuperate before returning to the front line.
• Purple Colony looked toward the direction Saine and the others had escaped.

Saine and his companions helped evacuate endangered worlds along the Immortal Domain’s front, then traveled to the Qingyun World as the Evil Tide advanced. Qingyun Immortal Emperor learned that Mosquito Daoist had killed his master and taken the Fan Tian Seal, while Saine promised to support cooperation between the Wizard Civilization and the Buddhism Sect.

• Fumila and Icarus devastated the Evil Tide forces surrounding the Golden Light World, and Fumila killed its Level 6 Demon Emperor.
• Dipamkara Buddha healed the defenders and evacuated millions of Buddhist disciples into his Merit Golden Lotus, while Han Li used his Measuring Heaven Bottle to save more than half of the world’s lower-level beings.
• Saine and his companions helped evacuate people and resources from several other worlds, then wiped out the Evil Tide Legion occupying one world they reached too late.
• Master Tongtian and Dipamkara Buddha said the Immortal Domain would reclaim its worlds rather than destroy their Plane Heart Cores, and Saine contrasted their confidence with the Wizard Civilization’s somber resolve.
• At the Qingyun World, Qingyun Immortal Emperor learned that Mosquito Daoist had taken the Fan Tian Seal and tried to seek revenge, but Master Tongtian and Dipamkara Buddha calmed him.
• Saine told Dipamkara Buddha he would advocate for cooperation with the Buddhism Sect and noted that Master Nobin’s report could help the Wizard Civilization plan its strategy.

Saine left Qingyun World after completing his observations, while Han Li agreed to join Master Tongtian at the dangerous Golden Mountain Great World in exchange for rare spiritual-material seeds. The group split up for different battlefronts, and Saine headed to Pill Cauldron Realm to meet Duan Ning.

• Saine noticed that generations had passed inside Han Li's Measuring Heaven Bottle during less than ten years in the Material Star Realm and wondered whether Han Li had mastered the Law of Time.
• After Dipamkara Buddha departed, Saine left Qingyun World, where the Immortal Domain had completed transferring the creatures from Han Li's Measuring Heaven Bottle.
• Master Tongtian directed Saine to Pill Cauldron Realm to meet Duan Ning, while he and Xu Changqing and Fei Peng headed to Golden Mountain Great World.
• Han Li chose to accompany Master Tongtian to the fierce front line instead of following Saine to the rear, and demanded rare spiritual-material seeds as payment.
• Master Tongtian accepted Han Li's terms on behalf of the Intercept Sect and noted that Blood Sea Nether River Old Ancestor might offer him more rare materials.

The Nether River Old Ancestor fought Demon Ancestor Kai Huang as Immortal Domain forces withdrew from the losing Golden Mountain Great World battlefield. His Yuantu and Abi swords broke through their shackles, but Bai Suzhen still led the wounded Xiaoqing and the others in retreat.

• Baxia helped Immortal Domain legions withdraw while the Nether River Old Ancestor held off Demon Ancestor Kai Huang.
• The Nether River Old Ancestor repeatedly charged Kai Huang, whose defenses and endurance kept him from gaining the upper hand.
• The Darkness Demon Ancestor and Sage Laozi continued to influence one another through their prolonged battle, unsettling the Bright Blue Demon Ancestor.
• The Nether River Old Ancestor’s Yuantu and Abi swords broke through their original grade and entered the ranks of advanced secret treasures.
• Bai Suzhen supported the wounded Xiaoqing and led the group away from the battlefield as the Flood Demon King withdrew with Demon Race and Dragon Clan legions.

Nether River Old Ancestor used his newly upgraded Yuantu and Abi swords to pierce Demon Ancestor Kai Huang’s armor, but Kai Huang maintained the advantage in their battle. Nether River Old Ancestor reformed after Kai Huang struck him, then turned his attention to the retreating Immortal Domain forces and the safety of Ghost Fiend Maiden.

• Nether River Old Ancestor pierced two holes in Demon Ancestor Kai Huang’s Undying Demonic Armor with Yuantu and Abi.
• Demon Ancestor Kai Huang struck back, and the Twelfth Grade Karma Fire Red Lotus blocked most of his demon blade’s force.
• Kai Huang’s punch shattered Nether River Old Ancestor into a Blood Sea, but Nether River Old Ancestor reconstituted his Dominator body from Blood God-Children.
• Nether River Old Ancestor resumed the fight while Kai Huang pressed his advantage away from the Netherworld Blood Sea.
• Nether River Old Ancestor watched the retreating Immortal Domain forces and felt relieved that the Asura King had taken Ghost Fiend Maiden away.

As the Immortal Domain retreated from the Golden Mountain Great World, Baxia held off a host of Evil Tide Dominators and shielded the withdrawing legions. The chapter ended with a wounded Donkey Demon asking whether they would return, and his Eldest Brother vowing that they would.

• Nether River Old Ancestor and other rearguards held back Evil Tide forces so the Immortal Domain's legions could withdraw from the Golden Mountain Great World.
• Baxia faced more than ten Evil Tide Dominators and endured their attacks with his immense defense.
• Baxia unleashed his Thorns Web, reflecting attacks onto the Evil Tide creatures and spreading its protection over nearby Immortal Domain troops.
• Baxia expanded his Dominator True Body and sheltered the legions as they withdrew through a Teleportation Array, though three more Evil Tide blockades still lay ahead.
• A wounded Donkey Demon asked his Eldest Brother whether they would return, and the one-eyed black bear promised that they would.

Bai Suzhen and Xiaoqing led the remaining Tu Mountain Demon Race forces out of Golden Mountain Great World while Fa Hai stayed behind to cover the retreat. The sisters departed after recognizing that their old grudges with Fa Hai had been set aside, as he faced overwhelming Evil Tide forces with a willingness to sacrifice himself.

• Bai Suzhen and Xiaoqing gathered the remaining elite Tu Mountain Demon Race forces and prepared to break through the breached Plane Barrier on their own.
• Peacock Fairy joined the sisters as they left the battlefield, while the chapter described the rise of young Immortal Domain talents such as the First Emperor.
• Xiaoqing complained that Fa Hai was covering their rearguard despite their past conflict, and Bai Suzhen silently watched him from afar before leaving.
• Fa Hai fought at the battlefield’s center against two Level-8 Demon Emperors and at least six Level-7 Dominators, wielding his Purple Golden Bowl and Buddhist power.
• Fa Hai continued fighting despite the odds, having resolved to sacrifice himself in keeping with his understanding of Buddhist compassion.

Master Tongtian and his allies reinforced the Immortal Domain Legions, while Saine completed his visit to the Immortal Domain and reunited with Duan Ning. Saine received pills to help recover from his injuries before preparing to return to the Wizard Civilization.

• Master Tongtian arrived with Xu Changqing, General Feipeng, and Han Li, rescued the Immortal Domain forces breaking out, and continued toward the Golden Mountain Great World.
• Saine traveled through the Immortal Domain’s rear regions and told Ventilating Great Sage Macaque King that the Wizard Civilization would stand with the Immortal Domain.
• Saine reached Duan Ning in the Pill Cauldron Realm and prepared to conclude his observer mission and return home.
• Duan Ning gave Saine six Seven Revolutions Golden Pills and a Level-8 Golden Pill to help him recover from his injuries.