Son Goku

Biodata

Feature	Value
Name	Son Goku (孙悟空)
Alias(es)	Kakarot — his Saiyan name 6 135
Species/Race	Saiyan; later becomes the Second-Generation Dragon God 66 622
Gender	Male
Affiliation	Earth’s Z Fighters; Universe 7 106 498
Occupation/Role	Martial artist and defender of Earth; later guardian of the Dragon Balls 89 90 622
Family	Bardock and Gine — parents; Raditz — older brother; Chi-Chi — wife; Son Gohan — son; Son Gohan — adoptive grandfather 66 106 134 135
Status	Exists as the Second-Generation Dragon God in the Dragon God Realm; shown sparring with Lin Chen ten years after his transformation 622
First Appearance	Appears as Bardock’s infant son, Kakarot 6

Power Progression

Main Timeline

Stage / Realm / Level	Chapter	Notes
Early combat growth	66	Bulma notices his power level rising by one point within a few days of fighting bandits and other opponents. He is initially weaker than her.
Great Ape	69	The full moon triggers an uncontrolled transformation. His normal power level is still only in the teens; Lin Chen stops him by grabbing his tail.
Three-year Lookout training	90 100	Accepts Kami’s training to prepare for King Piccolo’s stronger successor. Returns for the 23rd World Martial Arts Tournament visibly grown and much stronger.
Tree of Might fruit and potential unlocking	109	Lin Chen gives him a fruit and unleashes his potential during the journey along Snake Way, producing a major strength increase.
Post–King Kai training benchmark	133 144	Returns from King Kai’s training. His battle power remains below 100,000, but he can challenge Vegeta, whose base power exceeds 600,000.
Super Saiyan	204 206	Vegeta explains the need for extreme rage and concentrating power in the back. Goku transforms against Abo Kado and counters his fireball with a Kamehameha.
Super Saiyan 3	294	After five years of training, transforms alongside Vegeta against Hatchiyack. Their transformed power levels exceed five billion and approach ten billion.
True Super Saiyan God	349	Receives the Saiyans’ ritual power to confront Beerus. Whis confirms that he has genuinely entered the divine realm, unlike the weaker “false” versions on Planet Vegeta.
Super Saiyan Blue	402	Demonstrates the form against Goku Black. Their transformation multipliers are equivalent, but Goku’s greater base strength gives him the advantage.
Ultra Instinct	498 506	Builds on childhood lessons from Mr. Popo, returning for half a month of training before the Tournament of Power. Later activates the silver-gray-haired state again.
Second-Generation Dragon God	622	Gives his pure soul to purify the corrupted World Dragon Balls, merges with Shenron, and becomes the new Dragon God.

Space-Time No. 141 Counterpart

These developments belong to an alternate Goku, not the main-timeline fighter.

Stage / Realm / Level	Chapter	Notes
Super Saiyan 3	439	Uses the form after his destructive Saiyan nature awakens, overwhelming Vegeta’s initial strength.
Super Saiyan 3 Full Power	440	Contains his aura to overcome the form’s severe stamina drain and increase his effective power.
Cross-timeline knowledge and experience	446 450	Sees other worlds and briefly merges with alternate versions of himself, acquiring their memories and transformation experience.
Super Saiyan 4	450	After King Kai restores his tail, transforms directly using knowledge inherited from a counterpart who had mastered the form. He bypasses the usual initial Golden Great Ape stage.

Background / History

Goku is born as Kakarot, Bardock’s son, around the same time as Broly. After defeating Frieza, Lin Chen instructs Bardock to send the infant to Earth. Bardock agrees, having already seen visions of his son’s adventures on another planet 6.

On Earth, Kakarot is adopted by Son Gohan, a former student of Master Roshi, and grows up as Son Goku on Mount Paozu. A childhood head injury leaves a scar and affects his recollection of Raditz. He initially believes himself human, only learning about his Saiyan ancestry during his journey with Bulma 65 66 135.

Bardock and Gine secretly visit Earth every year but choose not to take him back to Planet Vegeta. Lin Chen considers his independent upbringing valuable and predicts that he may become a Super Saiyan and a future hope for their race 67.

Appearance

• Saiyan tail: As a child, has a movable, monkey-like tail that allows Bulma to recognize his race 65.
• Childhood scar: Retains a scar from the head injury he suffered when young 135.
• Adult growth: Returns after three years of training as a tall young man, initially surprising friends who barely recognize him 100.
• Super Saiyan God: Gains red hair and an aura ordinary observers cannot sense 349.
• Ultra Instinct: Displays silver-gray hair when activating the state during the Tournament of Power 506.
• Alternate Super Saiyan 4: The No. 141 counterpart has red fur, black hair, a red tail, golden eyes, and red rims around his eyes 450.

Personality

Goku begins his Earth adventure innocent, literal-minded, and unfamiliar with the wider world. He mistakes Bulma’s vehicle for a monster and does not understand what “race” means. His attachment to his grandfather’s Four-Star Dragon Ball is strong enough that he resists surrendering it, while his kindness leads him to help Sea Turtle reach the coast 65 66.

His enthusiasm for powerful opponents drives much of his life. He readily asks unfamiliar strong fighters to spar, treats setbacks as reasons to train, and refuses to abandon his goals even when Broly easily defeats him. Lin Chen’s staged tournament defeat likewise motivates him rather than leaving him bitter 53 90 106.

Goku combines mercy with competitive ambition. After Vegeta attempts to kill him, he asks Bardock to spare Vegeta so that he can eventually defeat him himself. This appetite for a challenge can override team priorities: during the Tournament of Power, he attacks Lin Chen alongside Jiren because he wants to overcome the Saiyan king 144 506.

His final decision places others above his own future. Recognizing how the Dragon Balls brought his friends into his life, he willingly gives up his mortal existence to restore them and save the wider world 622.

Alternate Kakarot Persona

In Space-Time No. 141, exposure to Majin Buu’s demonic energy awakens destructive Saiyan instincts that had been dormant since Goku’s childhood injury. Shenron explicitly states that the change is neither memory loss nor a simple personality alteration 443.

This Goku insists on being called Kakarot, rejects family attachments, and uses his loved ones’ reluctance to harm him against them. His cruelty does not diminish his judgment in battle: he studies Vegeta’s techniques, manages his recovery, and avoids challenging Lin Chen before regaining his strength 437 442 444 445.

After restoration, he feels profound remorse. Although his companions support him, he fears another loss of control and prepares to leave Earth for their protection 451 452.

Abilities & Skills

Martial Arts and Combat Analysis

Goku combines extensive fighting experience with rapid tactical adaptation.

• Challenges opponents far above his normal battle power, notably Vegeta 144.
• Against Goku Black, exploits an opening and overwhelms him through superior base strength 402.
• His No. 141 counterpart identifies how Vegeta retains Super Saiyan ki in a normal-bodied state to withstand Kaioken 442.
• Correctly determines that Vegeta’s twentyfold Super Kaioken requires a gradual buildup and lasts only about fifteen seconds, then denies him opportunities to prepare it 442.

Kamehameha and Ki Attacks

The Kamehameha is one of Goku’s principal energy techniques.

• Opens a small hole in Pilaf’s prison wall, allowing Oolong and Puar to escape 67.
• Counters Abo Kado’s fireball immediately after becoming a Super Saiyan 204.
• Combines his energy attack with Gohan and Krillin to prevent Vegeta’s execution 204.
• The No. 141 counterpart uses a Super Saiyan 4 Kamehameha powerful enough to blast through the planet, though Lin Chen survives unharmed 450.

Instant Transmission

Goku uses teleportation for rescue, travel, and surprise attacks.

• Tracks Broly’s ki and teleports to the group on Planet Shamo 53.
• Rescues nearby companions from Broly’s destructive energy eruption 59.
• Agrees to take Trunks to King Kai while they search for his revived loved ones 430.
• His No. 141 counterpart repeatedly escapes Vegeta’s attacks and combines teleportation with close-range assaults 441 442 448.
• Teleportation does not guarantee an advantage against Lin Chen, who is faster and more proficient with the same technique 448.

Saiyan Transformations

Goku develops both mortal and divine transformation paths.

• Great Ape: His childhood transformation is involuntary under the full moon and causes him to lose control. Lin Chen tells him sufficient strength and training can allow a Saiyan to retain reason 69.
• Super Saiyan 3: Produces enormous power after years of training. The No. 141 counterpart later addresses its stamina weakness through Full Power mastery 294 440.
• Super Saiyan God: Grants genuine divine ki, but Goku initially lacks the experience to use it fully against Beerus 349.
• Super Saiyan Blue: Lets him wield divine power in battle against Goku Black’s Super Saiyan Rosé 402.
• Super Saiyan 4: Confirmed for the No. 141 counterpart. Its defenses help him withstand Lin Chen’s blows, but he cannot sense Lin Chen’s divine aura and must fight by sight 450.

Ultra Instinct

Mr. Popo’s childhood training establishes Goku’s foundation in instinctive counterattacking. Whis later recognizes that foundation and directs him back to its original teacher 498.

• Trains against a puppet replica as a child to learn responses driven by bodily instinct 498.
• Completes half a month of further instruction with Mr. Popo before the Tournament of Power 498.
• Uses instinctive evasion alongside Jiren to make Lin Chen’s attacks difficult to land 498.
• Detects danger and retreats before Lin Chen’s erupting energy reaches him 511.

Cross-Timeline Insight

The No. 141 counterpart briefly connects with versions of himself in other worlds.

• Acquires their knowledge and experience rather than merely observing them 450.
• Recognizes Lin Chen from visions of worlds where he is a powerful Saiyan king 447.
• Uses inherited experience to transform directly into Super Saiyan 4 450.
• Describes a possible Super Saiyan 5 to Lin Chen, interpreting it as a Great Ape’s Super Saiyan 2 power returned to humanoid form. He provides a transformation clue, not a demonstrated Super Saiyan 5 transformation of his own 452.

Dragon God Ascension

Goku’s pure soul allows him to purify the corrupted World Dragon Balls when Lin Chen cannot.

• Wishes back everyone killed by Zalama’s calamity before merging with Shenron 622.
• Restores the Dragon God Realm through his sacrifice 622.
• Becomes the Second-Generation Dragon God as Dragon Balls across other space-times regain their power 622.

Equipment / Items

• Four-Star Dragon Ball — Keepsake belonging to his late adoptive grandfather. He agrees to lend it to Bulma for summoning Shenron while joining her journey 65.
• Flying Nimbus — Gift from Master Roshi for helping Sea Turtle; used for travel, including his departure for further training after King Piccolo’s defeat 66 89.
• Power Pole — Extends from Korin Tower to Kami’s Lookout, allowing him to reach it 90.
• Senzu Beans — Restore him after injury, including Beerus’s initial defeat of his Super Saiyan 3 form 349.
• Tree of Might fruit — Receives and eats one from Lin Chen as part of the Z Fighters’ development program 109.

Relationships

• Lin Chen / King Linx — Protector, mentor, and benchmark Goku strives to surpass. Arranges his wedding and parental reunion, strengthens him, and eventually shares a peaceful life of sparring with him in the Dragon God Realm 106 109 506 622.
• Bardock — Father. Secretly watches his growth, later protects him from Vegeta, and recognizes the potential behind his unconventional Saiyan temperament 67 106 144.
• Gine — Mother. Her protective instincts repeatedly conflict with Bardock’s wish to let Goku face his own trials 86 89 106.
• Son Gohan, his grandfather — Adoptive guardian and former student of Master Roshi. Goku treasures his Dragon Ball and is devastated to learn that his own uncontrolled Great Ape transformation caused his death 65 66 69.
• Raditz — Older brother. Goku does not remember him when they reunite, explaining that he injured his head as a child 135.
• Chi-Chi — Wife. Their wedding takes place on Mount Paozu. The No. 141 Chi-Chi is devastated by her husband’s planned self-exile 106 452.
• Son Gohan, his son — Goku entrusts his training to Piccolo. In No. 141, Gohan pursues his father’s restoration despite being attacked by him; in the finale, he grieves Goku’s departure 175 444 445 622.
• Bulma — First major traveling companion. Introduces him to the Dragon Ball quest and explains his Saiyan heritage; initially acts as the stronger fighter of the pair 65 66.
• Master Roshi — Connected to Goku through his adoptive grandfather; rewards his kindness with the Flying Nimbus and welcomes him at later reunions 66 100.
• Kami and Mr. Popo — Lookout mentors. Kami gives him a three-year training goal, while Popo’s early lessons later prove essential to Ultra Instinct 90 498.
• Broly — Fellow Saiyan who tests him at the Lookout and recognizes his persistence. Later urges him to move the Beerus battle away from Earth’s surface 90 349.
• Vegeta — Rival, enemy-turned-ally, and continuing source of motivation. Goku spares him after their first major clash; Vegeta later shares the instructions that enable Goku’s Super Saiyan breakthrough 144 204.
• Piccolo — Rival and ally whom Goku chooses to train Gohan. His alternate counterpart leads efforts to save the violent No. 141 Goku 175 445.
• Uub — Student of the No. 141 Goku and reincarnation of Kid Buu. Their teacher–student friendship makes Uub hesitate even when Goku turns against him 435 437.
• Beerus — Divine opponent whose threat to Earth prompts Goku’s true Super Saiyan God transformation 347 349.
• Jiren — Tournament opponent with whom Goku nevertheless fights against Lin Chen, despite Jiren’s initial rejection of cooperation 498 506.

Story Role / Major Arcs

Dragon Ball Quest and Earth’s Defense

• First journey: On September 1, Age 749, encounters Bulma on Mount Paozu and joins her search in hopes of meeting strong fighters 65.
• Pilaf’s castle: Uses the Kamehameha during the group’s imprisonment, meets Lin Chen, and later transforms uncontrollably under the full moon. After learning the truth about his grandfather’s death, asks Lin Chen for training 67 68 69.
• King Piccolo: Survives an initial defeat with Yajirobe’s help, eventually defeats King Piccolo, and accepts that Earth’s defenders must become stronger themselves 86 89.
• Kami’s Lookout: Fails Broly’s test but refuses to leave without a chance to train. Kami restores Shenron and assigns him three years of preparation against Piccolo’s successor 90.

Marriage and the Z Fighters’ Development

• Tournament setback: Loses the 23rd World Martial Arts Tournament to Mr. Satan, later learning that Lin Chen secretly assisted his opponent to prevent complacency 106.
• Family reunion: Marries Chi-Chi and learns the identities of Bardock and Gine, embracing them tearfully at the wedding 106.
• Organized training: Joins Lin Chen’s Z Fighters Development Plan and receives both a Tree of Might fruit and potential unlocking en route to King Kai 106 109.
• Vegeta confrontation: Acknowledges that surviving through teamwork is not a personal victory. Requests mercy for Vegeta while resolving to surpass him 144.

Alien Threats and Higher Transformations

• Cooler’s assault: Survives the attack that kills Piccolo and Yamcha, supports Gohan’s counterattack, and recognizes Bardock’s approaching ki 182.
• Namek: Protects the exhausted Vegeta and becomes a Super Saiyan against Abo Kado 204 206.
• Renewed training: Lin Chen’s demonstration of Super Saiyan 2 convinces Goku that Super Saiyan is not the endpoint 225 226.
• Hatchiyack and Buu: Reveals Super Saiyan 3 after five years of training. Later is revived with his companions and learns that Lin Chen has again resolved the crisis, leaving him conscious of their remaining gap 294 321.
• Beerus and Goku Black: Enters the divine realm through the Super Saiyan God ritual, then later demonstrates Super Saiyan Blue against Zamasu’s stolen Goku body 349 400 402.

Alternate-World Encounters

• New Planet Vegeta: An alternate Goku welcomes Lin Chen as a fellow fighter, helps rescue the group during Broly’s rampage, and asks about Lin Chen’s world afterward 53 59 61.
• Piccolo-centered world: Another counterpart dies at Piccolo’s hands. That world diverges when Piccolo defeats Frieza before Goku can awaken as a Super Saiyan 334.
• Space-Time No. 141: A Goku living through a long peace turns violent while training Uub. His awakened Saiyan nature leads him to attack Vegeta, his sons, and their allies before challenging Lin Chen 435 437 443 444 447.
• Restoration and departure: Lin Chen subdues that Goku and restores his original consciousness following Shenron’s instructions. Goku subsequently prepares to leave Earth and shares his Super Saiyan 5 insight before Lin Chen departs 445 451 452.

Tournament of Power and Final Sacrifice

• Ultra Instinct: Returns to Mr. Popo for training and enters the Tournament of Power with a developed instinctive fighting state. His desire to defeat Lin Chen draws him into cooperation with Jiren 498 506 511.
• Further divine training: Later receives an invitation from the Grand Minister to train at Zeno’s Palace 522.
• Dragon God succession: Volunteers to purify the World Dragon Balls, apologizes to Gohan and Chi-Chi, and merges with Shenron after reviving Zalama’s victims. Ten years later, he remains active as a god and spars with Lin Chen 622.

Notable Quotes

“I understand! Lin Chen told me we can only protect Earth with our own strength. We can't rely on other people!” 90

“Father, I actually lost this match.” 144

“If sacrificing just me can restore this world, I'm more than willing!” 622